Transcribed by Roger Easton from the hand-written copy: [Spelling used in this transcription is as nearly true to the or

THE DANIEL R. BIGELOW DIARY 1848-1853

	Transcribed by Roger Easton from the hand-written copy: [Spelling used in this transcription is as nearly true to the original as is possible]. In some cases, when letters were added for clarification they were placed in [ ] denoting their addition. Often Mr. Bigelow used the standard "and" sign with a capital "C" following. Since there are no symbols on a modern keyboard to duplicate this symbol, "etc" is substituted for it. It is interesting that Mr. Bigelow used the old-style "fs's" for "ss's" (mostly, but not always). The period was not used in the same way in his day, it being omitted, or a comma often used in its place. This occurs in abbreviations, at the end of some sentences, and in money, i.e. $5.00 would be $5,00. Mr. Bigelow used commas profligately, periods and capitol letters sparingly, and did not put any punctuation at the end of a sentence that ended at the right margin of the page. So that makes many sentences appear to be run on. Since this was obviously a diary to be used by Mr. Bigelow only, he does not mention a lot of thing we’d like to know. One thing that can be figured out is that he attended Harvard School of Law. Other things, such as some people and places are still a mystery. Original diary scanned in by George Bigelow in 2005, and a side-by-side comparison made to ensure that this document follows as closely to the original document as possible.
Wedding photo of Daniel Richardson Bigelow and Ann Elizabeth White, Married in 1854 in Olympia, Washington Territory

Transcribed by Roger Easton from the hand-written copy: [Spelling used in this transcription is as nearly true to the original as is possible]. In some cases, when letters were added for clarification they were placed in [ ] denoting their addition. Often Mr. Bigelow used the standard "and" sign with a capital "C" following. Since there are no symbols on a modern keyboard to duplicate this symbol, "etc" is substituted for it. It is interesting that Mr. Bigelow used the old-style "fs's" for "ss's" (mostly, but not always). The period was not used in the same way in his day, it being omitted, or a comma often used in its place. This occurs in abbreviations, at the end of some sentences, and in money, i.e. $5.00 would be $5,00. Mr. Bigelow used commas profligately, periods and capitol letters sparingly, and did not put any punctuation at the end of a sentence that ended at the right margin of the page. So that makes many sentences appear to be run on.

Since this was obviously a diary to be used by Mr. Bigelow only, he does not mention a lot of thing we’d like to know. One thing that can be figured out is that he attended Harvard School of Law. Other things, such as some people and places are still a mystery.

Original diary scanned in by George Bigelow in 2005, and a side-by-side comparison made to ensure that this document follows as closely to the original document as possible.

Wedding photo of Daniel Richardson Bigelow and Ann Elizabeth White, Married in 1854 in Olympia, Washington Territory

THE DANIEL R. BIGELOW DIARY 1848-1853

Index

(This index actually is at the end of the diary, taking up the last 3 pages)                                                                    Page

Introduction.................................................................1

Cannon ball in Brat. St. church............................................. 5

House of I, Hancock......................................................... 5

Close of my first term...................................................... 6

Pond on the common...........................................................7

Women hanging out clothes................................................... 8

Boston court house and State house.......................................... 8

Putnams fortifications.......................................................10

Chinese Junk.................................................................13

Grades in creation...........................................................14

Ourang Outang............................................................... 14

Death of J, Q, Adams................................... .....................16

March 1st................................................................... 17

Chancellor Kent............................................................. 17

Sprees on Sunday by the Bostonians.......................................... 18

Funeral of Adams............................................................ 19

Sam Houstin................................................................. 19

Wendell Phillips speech extraordinary....................................... 20

Bronson on Elocution........................................................ 21

April 1st....................................................................23

Heard Webster................................................................23

Heard Webster a second time............ ............................93, 79 - 24

Judge Woodbury...............................................................24

Everett's eulogy (of J.Q. Adams).............................................25

April 19th...................................................................27

Mt. Auburn.....................................................28 – 52 - 64, 88

Blacks.......................................................................30

Pleasant evening.............................................................31

Swedenborg meeting...........................................................33

Heat extraordinary...........................................................34

Doct, Franklin's birthplace, & fort hill.....................................34

Row at Old Fanneuil......................................................... 35

Crazy man....................................................................36

June 1st.....................................................................37

Louis Phillippe..............................................................37

King the Irish Preacher......................................................38

Ancient & honorables.........................................................38

Good opinion of good man.....................................................38

Greenleaf's resignation......................................................38

Greenleaf's portrait, & last lecture.........................................40

Bunker hill anniversary......................................................41

Giddings.....................................................................44

July 4th.....................................................................45

Visit to Concord & Lexington.................................................46

Custom house, and caterpillars...............................................48

Plymoth......................................................................48

Misery.......................................................................49

Fish pond and Washingtons head quarters...................................49-50

Massachusetts volunteers.....................................................50

Fine garden, & shipyard. also college garden.................................53

Washington Elum..............................................................54

White mise, Irish female lawyer etc..........................................55

Foundary, & Greek slave......................................................56

Visit to Lynn, Salem, Nahant etc.............................................57

Father Taylor, & Cushings garden.........................................60, 59

Lowell.......................................................................61

Market, Shipping, & Fanneuil hall........................................98, 63

Commencement.................................................................64

Balloon................................................................. 68, 66

John Vanburen................................................................67

Vermont lavender.............................................................67

Inscription on the Lexington monument........................................71

Doct Johnson, John P, Hale etc...............................................74

The theatre, Forest etc......................................................75

Jeremy Mason.................................................................77

Judge, & jury................................................................78

Voter celebration............................................................81

John Davis, and Parkers remarks..............................................89

Election.....................................................................85

Cotton Mather, Henry, Poetry etc...................................58-89,et. 86

Elder & Wilson...............................................................90

Landscape....................................................................91

Convent, fire etc........................................................98, 92

Visit to the Medical college................................... .............94

Sermons, by Doct Walker.............................................97, 100, 95

Chinese, negro & gull....................................................... 99

California fever............................................................102

Ballot Box...................................................................85

Trip of the plains..........................................................110

                                   INTRODUCTION

Another year has commenced, eighteen forty seven, with its many opportunities for improvement has gone forever; one more year has been added to my existence, and what I have done towards acting well my part in "the great drama of the world. How much have I done with which I have cause to feel satisfied? In whatever way these questions may be answered the past cannot be recalled; time with its noiselefs, but ceaselefs tread, has brought me to the threshold of another year, and as it throws the curtain of endlefs night upon the past, it silently tells me that

.....Pg. 2......

the books of eighteen forty seven are closed not to be reopened until the resurrection morn. I contemplate keeping in this book a journal for the coming year. I think it may be useful in many ways. It will enable me to look back upon my track, and see what course I have pursued. Not that I am ever to pafs over the same road again; for human life is like a river, it starts from its source, and it rolls on in one unceasing flow, there being no place where it can be said to stop and begin again. And like a river flowing on widening, deepening, gathering strength from a thousand sources, making the gentle shower, the deafening storm, the murmuring rill, the warbling brook, and gentle creek all contribute to swell its current, until it is itself lost in the ocean: so should our life be, so should we increase in knowledge from the cradle to the grave, gathering experience, and from experience wisdom, enriching

.....Pg. 3......

our understanding from the streams of ancient learning--from the teachings of the wise, and the council of the aged. thus widening deepening our intellect until it is lost in the ocean of eternity. But that I may be able to trace the meanderings of my past life, and see where I have deviated from the right--where I have pafsed unproffitably by opportunities for improvement--where uselefs pleasure or idlenefs has robbed me of golden moments-- where buoyant hope or burning ambition has been to sanguine--where perseverance, industry and fortitude has been to desponding: and by this means endeavour to correct my errors, mourn over time forever lost, take courage where I see desponding hours I have survived, and difficulties I have surmounted; in short I hope the journal will prove a light throwing its beams into futurity to guide my steps and facilitate my progrefs. I also hope to preserve some useful ideas, that might otherwise be forgotten; note some pleasing incidents, such as occur in the life of every one, trifling in themselves perhaps, but yet

......Pg.4......

make such a pleasing impression upon the mind that they are recalled, as a traveller recalls the recollection of an oasis in a desert. I contemplate also giving a place upon these pages, to my observations upon men and things I am now near Boston in which there are many things to be seen and learned, there are also in this vicinity many reminisences of the revolution, many spots of earth hallowed by patriot blood, many things to awake the pride and feed the patriotism of an American. I intend to visit as many of these places as practicable and to record in this book whatever may seem to me useful or interesting. These are some of the inducements that have led me to commence this book, I may add another; it may perhaps be interesting at some future period, for my friends and relatives, who have ever been so kind to me, and taken so deep an interest in my welfare, to peruse these pages, and see how I have employed my time--how their affection and afsistance has been realized on my part, and how my opportunities for improvement have been appreciated. These are the objects that have brought me to my present resolve to keep a succinct account of every days transactions during the coming year. How, and to what extent this resolve will be kept time alone will prove.

Cambridge          Jan 1st 1848

......Pg. 5......

Cambridge Jan 1^st 1848

In the morning finished Moore's Life of Sheridan. Then walked into Boston in company with, Parker, and Mudge, to subscribe our names for the Lowell Lectures. Saw the cannon ball in the church, in Brattle St, shot in the revolution, it is near a window in the second story, and imbedded in the brick about half its size. Came home, bought this book, read XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, et XIX chapters of the 3rd book of Blackstone

     Sunday Jan 2nd Heard two fine and instructives sermons from Dr Walker. Read The Sacred Mountains, by Headly, very sublime, worthy of a second perusal. Read Story's Addrefs at the consecration of Mt Auburn, Sept 24, 1831, a very fine production

     Jan 3rd Evening 10 O clock

Spent this day for the most part in the Law Library, and have improved my time well.

     Tuesday the 4th   Went over to Boston in the morning to get my tickets for the Lowell Lectures, on Ichtheology. Saw the house that belonged to John Hancock in which he lived; it is built of free stone, hewed in front, but rough upon the ends of the house, the windows are surrounded, with a sort of marble or white stone, the corners of the house also is laid up with this same white stone, there is a platform

..... Pg. 6......

over the front door, and a railing on the roof, it looks antiquated now, but it evidently was built with much taste and expense, at that time. his sons live there now and are said to be drunken and profligate, degenerate sons of an illustrious father. came back and attended Spark's Lec on our treaty with England at the close of the Revolution, refer to C,P,B spent the rest part of the day in the study of law

     Jan 5th   Spent the day in the library. went into Boston in the evening to Potters lecture, in company with Elder, who was much frightened on account of robbers

     Jan 6th   Spent the day in the library, finished the 3rd vol of Blackstone, came home at 4 Oclock and read the globe until, 10

              Jan 7,th   Spent most of the day in the library, This day closes our Law term, Greenleaf told us that he had practiced Law 42 years, and his thirst for knowledge, was as strong as ever. new fields, were still opening, he dismifsed us with the words of Lord Coke "I wish unto the gladsome light of jursiprudence, the lovelinefse of temperance, the stability of fortitude, and the soliditie of justice. This term I think I have learned something. how to study the law, and am in hopes that I shall be able to pursue the study, with increasing advantage for the future. wrote a letter in the evening to Springfield

......Pg.7......

         Jan 8th   Spent the day in writing, and reading the Globe, and The Lay of the Last Minstrel, played a game of chefs, with Parker, at his room

       Sunday the 9th   In the morning the ground was covered with glare ice, so that it was extremely difficult to go at all, but my own slippings, and slidings, were compensated by the fun I enjoyed in seeing others creep along etc, went to hear Dr Walker in the forenoon, and spent the afternoon in conversation with Parker, in the evening read the Bible

     10th   Spent the day at Mudges room rather unprofitably, in the evening packed up to move for vacation, to Mr Hay's and read the Federalist.

     11th   Moved up to Hays in the morning, drew my books for next term, in the evening visited at Mr. Baldwins

     12th Read Bailments in the forenoon, in the after noon went into Boston and heard a lec on Ichthyology, saw a young man there with a long cue behind, as was the custom in former times, As we came acrofs the Commons we saw a vast number of boys skating on the pond, the same one that the brittish broke up in revolutionary times. The little girls, also, were skipping about on the common like lambs in spring, compared with former times, it was a beautiful scene. ...... Pg. 8......

     Jan 13th   Spent the day reading Bailments, and one of Webster's famous Law arguments etc.

     14th Spent the day in reading Bailments

     15th   Read Law in the forenoon, in the afternoon went into Boston and heard Agassir lecture see Common place book. Saw in Boston clothes hung out to dry on the tops of the houses. I thought that we in the country, were fortunate that there was no occasion, for wash women to climb so high in the world.

     Sunday the 16th   This has been a delightful day warm and clear, the sun has shone all day like May, I have spent a portion of the day in walking, and viewing the beauties of the scenery, around fresh pond, Mt Auburn etc

.       17th Went to the library and drew books in the morning, read afterwards, Mr Stewarts speech on the report of secretary Walker, read some law, played chefs some etc.

     18th   Read Law, in the afternoon went down to the P O came back through the lots, and saw the willow wood etc.

     19th    Went into Boston immediately after breakfast and went into court, the Police, Municipal, Common Pleas, and State Supreme Court were all in session in the court house. They done businefs so slow that I did not stop long, but went to the Legislature

......Pg.9......

Went into the Senate gallery a little before eleven. The Senate was composed of very intelligent looking men, for the most part aged. At eleven the Speaker called the house to order, and the Senators arose and listened to an appropriate and able prayer by the Chaplain. The Senators desks are arrainged in the form of an Ellipse, and they sit around upon the outside of this. There is behind the Speaker, above the coat of arms of Mafs, below that hang the

portraits of John Endicott, John Winthrop, and John Leverett. In front of the Speaker, on the front side of the gallery, hangs an old drum, with one head knocked out, and an old sword, and a musket, with the bayonett twisted, and a Hessian cap, it was shaped some like an old mans night cap, it was red and was bordered with gold leaf, taken at the battle of (Bennington). Went into the Assembly chamber, and there quite a contrast met my eye the Members did not look as intelligent, more noise etc; the seats were arranged in the shape of a half moon Members had no desks, and no place to write only on the back of the seat in front, it seemed more like a meeting where the Members were only earlefs listeners, and not the actors. Above the Speaker, was the coat of arms of the State, and above that was an Eagle standing on a canon ball, his breast shielded by the Stars and stripes, and holding in his mouth the motto "God save the common wealth of Mafs" opposite the Speaker, near the ceiling, was a fish

.....Pg. 10.....

it looked like a cod etc. On the first floor of the Capitol in an alcove is a noble statue of Washington. The House adjourned a little after twelve, I then took a walk acrofs the Common, there is an old elum near the pond that they have surrounded with a railing and its branches are supported by rods and bands of iron fastened to the main trunk. came back and went into the court of C.P. at 3 O,clock went to Agassir's lecture, came home and read 75 pages in Bailments in the evening

     20th   Spent the whole day in my room reading Law and news papers

     21st   Felt rather unwell, did not read much until evening, Went to the P.O. in the morning. In the afternoon went up to fresh pond, and saw them cutting ice, in the evening read 60 pages of law.

     22nd   Read Law in the forenoon, in the afternoon went into Boston to hear a lecture on Ichthyology, went by way of Putnam street, and saw the remains of the fortifications raised by General Putnam, there is now only a trench, and an embankment to be seen. In the evening read law.

     23rd   Felt very stupid all day with a severe cold did nothing but read a little miscellany.

     24th   Cold worse, with a severe cough, relieved it somewhat by taking hot drops, and cough drops. Spent the day reading law and newspapers.

......Pg. 11......

     25th   Had the phthisic very bad, could not lie down at all the night before, did nothing all day, got a little sleep that night in chairs.

     26th   Felt better, went down town and got the ingredients for making a medicine, which Dr Kingsford, says is a sure cure for phthisic, wrote a letter to Springfield in the afternoon.

       27th   Felt better. read law most of the day. did not stir out of doors, it rained incessantly all day.

     28th   Read law in the morning, went down town before noon, and put in a letter for Springfield. in the afternoon read law and played chefs.

     29th   Read law very diligently. about 120 pages, finished Blackstone, pumped water for exercise etc.

     30th   Sunday. A beautiful day, walked into Boston to hear Chapin (Universalist) in the forenoon. Text "He causeth the rain to fall etc" He is a good speaker, his sermon was good, he said religion made us free and was the willing grateful homage of a dutiful child to a loving father. Came home and read in the Bible, and other works.

      31st   Wrote a letter in the morning, to I.W.N. and went to the Post O. in the afternoon read The Globe, and played chefs.

     Feb 1st   Very stormy, we are having a real N.E. snow storm. It is the first snow we have had, with the exception of two or three inches, which stayed on

......Pg.12......

but two days. Commenced Chitty on Contracts this day. read 60 pages. read some in Cicero's Commonwealth. Snow storm ended before night. etc colder.

     2nd   Read law in the forenoon, in the afternoon went into Boston to Agassir's lecture, saw a great deal of livelinefs and glee manifested by the old folks and young folks, slay riding. many of the cooped up Clerks, take such an occasion to take a ride and enjoy the open air, and when they are out they fulfil the old maxim, "Shallow waters make the most noise"

     3rd   Read law, went down town and got a letter from my sister, and a Globe, read them, and played chess the rest of the day

     4th   Read law. It rained in the afternoon, changed into snow in the evening.

     5th Read law a little in the morning. Went into Boston in the afternoon to Agassir's lecture, could not help noticing how many ways. there was devised to attract attention. One building nearly covered over with pictures of wax figures shown within, and "wax figures, written in large characters on all sides. All the shop keepers strive to see who shall make the greatest show, outside in order to attract attention to their shop

     6th   Wrote a letter to Lovell, walked down and put in the office. folks were having great times slay riding, Sunday is a great holiday to the Boston Clerks.

.....Pg. 13......

     7th   Read law all day, hard, and read Dix's speech on the war

      8th   Read law some, received a letter from Springfield wrote some in the evening, and read Cicero's Commonwealth

     9th Went to see the Chinese Junk, It seems to be very strongly built, the bow and the stern are built up very high, the bow I should think higher than the stern, and then it hollows down in the middle. I saw a Chinese man, and woman both had on a black, hood like, and narrow shoes they were nearly if not quite as black as a yellow negro. I then went to see the bodies of Colonel Ransom, and Scott, and Capt Thompson escorted from the custom house to the depot, by the military, and a band. The band played a solemn requium, and with muffled drum, the bodies were escorted. I next went to the museum to see the play of the enchanted horse. The scenery is the most magnificent I ever saw splendid, Came home and wrote a letter to Fay, have not read much today.

     10th   Exercised some in the morning, and read some and played chefs some during the day.

     11th   Read some in Branch's Maxims, and in newspapers went down town and got a letter from I W. Nott, and paid a quarter on my Globe, which takes it to the 31st number, Read law the remainder of the day, and played chefs, read Globe some etc.

.....Pg. 14.......

     12th Read a little in the morning, and went into Boston bought a pair of shirts, and a black, and a red silk handkerchief, all $4,25. Went into the Horticultural hall, and saw some fine paintings, some very fine as Byron's villa, himself seated on a rock in the fore ground, also the natural bridge in Virginia, Niagara falls etc, I then went to hear a lecture from Agassir on Ichthyology, he showed the difference between fishes in structure, some having a bony frame work, and some cartelagenous one, and showed that fishes were first created, and then animals of higher grades in regular succession, until man was formed last of all etc.

     13th   Sunday. did not go to church, read some in the Bible and some in newspapers, walked up to fresh pond, and saw them getting in ice, In the evening went to hear a temperance addrefs, at the Unitarian Church, by Mr Brown Esq of Watertown, pretty good

     14th   Went down to the Post office, and got some more medicine for my phthisic, "of the same sort" read law some, and some in the globe, and some in the lives of the Chancellors of England.

     15th   Went up to fresh pond in the morning and saw them getting ice. came back and read law the rest of the day

     16th   Read law in the forenoon, In the afternoon went over to Boston, went in and saw the wax figures, and the serpents, and the ourang-outang, he looked very much like a human being, his arms and his hands, and

......Pg. 15......

feet, his head was covered with hair, and hair came down the sides of his face and under his chin, like the whiskers of a man, his face was pretty much bare, his mouth was similar to mans, only the lips protruded more, his teeth seemed similar, his nose also, only very short, his natural way of travilling seemed to be on all fores, but he could walk erect like a man, his cough was like that of a man, and his general appearance, was strikingly similar to the human species, he would set up in the chair like a man. Went next and bought a gold pen at No 15 State Strt, next bought a pair of boots at (Eastbrook Ann) strt, came home and read in the evening

     17th   Wrote a letter in the morning to Shoecraft, then read law, in the evening went into Boston to hear Gough on temperance, in old Faneuil Hall, the hall was full and Gough was very very eloquent, (see corn pl Book)

     18th   Read law some, and one of Websters speeches.

     19th   Read law some, and read my Globe, went up to fresh pond and saw them at work at the ice

     20th   Sunday, rained, wrote a letter to my Aunt, and read some in the Bible, and in common place book of Parkers,

      21st   Went down town, read some in the Globe, some law etc. in the evening went to Baldings, on an evening visit.

     22nd   Read some, played chefs some etc received a letter from brother Lovell

     23rd Read some in the forenoon, and went into Boston in the afternoon to see about lumber, for Lovell.

......Pg. 16......

     24th   Had a bad cold, and sore throat, paid my bill for vacation, and moved back to my old room had the pthisic bad in the night, could not lie a bed, the medicine I commenced taking a month ago has not cured me yet, but I think it has helped me some

     25th   Kept my room felt rather miserable, some better at the present time, seven O clock in the evening. heard of the death of John Quincy Adams. Truly a great man has fallen one who has pafsed through most of the scenes and events, that make up the history of our nation, one who has filled the first office in the nation, But the old man has gone to his grave in a green old age, years have been multiplied unto him beyond the common lot of mortals, If one nation is never served by a man lefs, qualified, lefs honest, or lefs faithful we may hope long to exist as a nation. He fell at his post, in his seat on the floor of Congrefs, he was attacked. He was 80 y. 7 m 12 d old 67 y of which was spent almost entirely the public service.

     26th    Felt much better did not do much but meditate and have the hifso, wrote 2 letters

     27th Sunday, went to church in the morning in the afternoon felt rather melancholy.

......Pg.17......

in thinking over the lot of man. It seemed to me that so far as ourselves are concerned, that we have nothing earthly to live for. would we live to gratify ambition: if we could have our every aspiration realized, what would that amount too, all nothing

     28th   We met Parker for the first time this morning, he was considerably frightened, but appeared well. I have read some in Kent to-day, Law Students returning etc

     March 1st   Parker gave his first lecture to-day, he gave us as introductory, the life of Chancellor Kent, his life seems to have been one of great industry and usefulnefs, he was in his 85th year when he died I have spent the afternoon in reading Hales history of the Com Law, and the evening in reading the Globe

     2nd   Greenleafs first lec to-day, he impressed upon our minds the necesity of going to the fountain, as in real property for instance to go back to to the old feudal system for its principals, read law the rest of the day

     3rd   Spent the day reading law, Parkers lectures were good to-day

     4th   Heard Greenleafs lectures, on Cruise, and Equity Read law, etc, in the evening was the first meeting of the Dane Club this term, I was chosen one of the disputants on the veto power, for next week, in the negative

......Pg.18.......

     March 4th   I see I have made a mistake in dates for two or three days back owing to Feb having 29 d this year, Went down to the Port in the morning and got a new crystal in my watch, it stopped soon after I came back, Spent most of the day writing etc

     5th Sunday   Went to church in the forenoon but was unable to keep my attention fixed upon the sermon very much, Spent the rest of the day meditating upon mans future destiny, and upon many other subjects, not at all befitting to the day, read the bible some also. It is pretty good sleighing to-day, and the rowdies have been riding and hollowing, racing etc, I had always supposed that Massachusetts was more moral, more rigid etc than N.Y. or any other State, but such hollowing, such swearing, and racing as I have seen this day in this good city of Cambridge I think would not be tolerated in a country town in New York. Sunday is a high day here, the chaps go out to Porters about a mile from here and get liquor, and that fits them for making a noise in the world

     6th Spent the day in the library, wrote in the evening. Received a letter from home to-day, containing a deed etc

     7th   Signed the deed and got it acknowledged etc and sent it home, tended lectures and moot-court.

......Pg. 19......

     8th   Tended the lectures, and read Cruise, also looked up the cases on the next trial

      9th   Spent the day in the library, reading and examining the case for next week.

     10th   Tended the lec in the morning, In the afternoon went into Boston to see the funeral procefsion of John Quincy Adams. The body was drawn by 6 horses trimmed with crape, and each having a long black feather in his headstall, It was escorted by the military, and followed by the committee, consisting of Congrefsmen 29 in number one from each state, The shops in Boston was closed, and the principal streets were shrouded in mourning, the flags were hung at half mast, etc, There was an immense crowd in the streets, The bells were tolling and minute guns fireing etc

     11th   Spent the forenoon in the library, the afternoon in my room reading, and evening also,

     12th   Sunday, did not go to church to-day, wrote a letter to my sister, and read Butler's Anology, and some in the Bible etc

     13th   Heard of the death of Mr Wheaton, Greenleaf made some remarks, and omitted one lecture, Met with the law club in the afternoon, and then played chess until supper, in the evening read Kent

     14th Spent the day in the library, In the evening went to hear Samuel Houston speak in the Fre-

......Pg. 20......

mont. He is a pretty good speaker, he was listened to with much applause. He maintained that the U.S. had gained everything in annexing Texas, while all Texas gained was she got herself into good society.

     15th   Spent the day in the library, heard that N.H. had gone loco strong. heard of the death of C, Justice Spencer of New York

      16th   Spent the day reading law reported cases etc

      17th   Tended the lectures in the morning, In the afternoon went into Boston to hear Wendell Phillip (abolitionist) addrefs a committee of the legislature upon a petition, signed by about one thousand persons white and black, for the legislature to take measures peaceably to withdraw from the union. He addrefsed the committee in the afsembly chamber, There was quite an audience present. He spoke above two hours. He said, that it was said that their petition sought to subvert the constitution, he admitted it, Our government had proved a failure, the constitution itself was a covenant with death, and an agreement with hell. He spoke eloquently and ably, but showed no sufficient reason to my mind for a dissolution of the Union. Mr. Garrison spoke also on the same subject, they were both confident that they should ultimately succeed. I was somewhat surprised that the committee should hear them upon such a subject. but I am

......Pg. 21......

told that in Massachusetts petitioners have a right to be heard upon their petition, through any man they may choose, and the committee evidently heard them for no other reason, than to preserve inviolate the right of petition

     18th   Spent the day in my room reading some. and heard of the revolution in France, received an A.O catalogue from W. I. Magill, U.C.

     19th Sunday. Went into Boston in the forenoon and hear Mr Kirk preach, it was a good sermon, came back through Charlstown, and by the way of the old convent, went to Parkers room and read his paper etc until supper, in the evening wrote a letter home

      20th   Tended the lectures in the morning, in the afternoon the club. in the evening read law. heard that the pope has been driven from his throne because he refused to go on in the work of reform as the people wished

     21st   Tended the lectures in the morning. In the afternoon read some law, and some in J. Q. Adams rhetorick

     22nd   Tended Greenleaf's lectures in the morning & profefsor Webster's on mineralogy in the afternoon, in the evening read Kent etc

     23rd Tended lectures in the morning, in the afternoon moot court, in the evening heard C. P. Bronson on

......Pg.22......

elocution, its connexion with music etc he said that but few spoke right or breathed right, the air cells of the lungs if spread out would cover a room 15 ft square and many folks by speaking from the chest and breathing from the chest, did not half fill the lungs, and were soon tired out in speaking, he said the abdominal and dorsal muscles ought to be used in breathing and speaking

      24th   Attended the lectures in the morning, read in my room in the afternoon, in the evening attended the club. This is my birth day. I am 25 years old, and have as yet done scarcely anything in preperation for life or death, and thus time flies, one year after another glides away, and seem to leave no trace behind

     25th   Read in my room, wrote some etc

     26th   Sunday, Walked in the morning up to Mount Auburn, in the forenoon went to church, the rest of the day, read some etc

      27th   Attended the lectures in the morning, in the afternoon went to Boston, in the evening read law, and newspapers.

     28th   Attended the lectures in the forenoon, in the afternoon moot court in the evening wrote

     29th   The day has been spent as usual, in the library etc

     30th Spent the day reading law and newspapers, received a letter from Magill, informing me of the high state of excitement at Union

......Pg. 23......

   31st    Spent the day in the library looking up a case etc, the evening was devoted to the club and our playing of chefs.

.     April 1st   Remained in my room, read the Globe, wrote etc read of the death of John Jacob Astor the richest man in America. He has not left an enviable name to the world in my estimation, he was penurious it is said. his faculties, which were strong was bent upon one object--the making of money He was 84 y, of age

     2nd   Sunday. In the morning walked with Parker over on to the hills toward Brookline, we had a very fine view of Boston and the surrounding country, got back at 11, read in Butler's Analogy and wrote a letter home, in the afternoon went to church in the chapel, heard a sermon on the French revolution

     3rd   Went to Boston in the morning to get a tooth filled and to see Webster but did not see him came back to the lectures, and tended the club in the afternoon.

     4th    Went to Boston in the morning to get my tooth filled but it was not yet so that it could be handled, came back to the lectures, and then went back, and heard Webster for the first time, in the state house, he is a good looking

......Pg.24......

man, stands up very strait when he speaks his enunciation is very slow, distinct and deliberate, his gestures do not seem to me as very imprefsive. His head is very full in front his perception very large, his forehead is not high before it begins to slope back considerably

     5th   Attended the lectures in the morning, in the afternoon went to hear Daniel Webster again got a better view at him, he has got a remarkable head, an immense quantity of brain, his perceptive faculties extremely large, and then about a half an inch above his eye-brows there seems to be a jet out still further, the angle from the eye-tooth to the middle lobe of the ear, and to the highest point of the forehead approaches nearer to a right-angle than in any person I have ever noticed

     6th   This is fast day appointed by the governer went and heard Dr Walker preach in the morning, read law and rhetorick the rest of the day.

     7th   Spent the day in library, in the evening attended the Dane club, and made a speech.

     8th   Went into Boston in the morning and had a tooth filled, went into the U.S. court, saw judge Woodbury, he looks like a smart man. spent the rest of the day in reading contingent and vested remainders, and rhetorick.

......Pg.25......

     9th   Sunday. Walked with Parker in the morning up the Charles, as far as the U.S. Arsenal, came back through Brighton, saw there an example of the benefits of a grog-shop, had a very pleasant walk, the day has been beautiful, the scenery was delightful, got back at 11, read some in Butler's Analogy, after supper walked with Hubbard up to the college garden and to fresh pond evening beautiful, came back, about 8 and read some in the Bible etc

     10th   Attended the lectures, moot court in the afternoon read Abbott on Shipping in the evening.

     11th Spent the day in the library as usual.

     12th   Spent the day as usual, received a letter from Shoecraft

      13th   Heard the lectures, read Kent the rest of the day & Miss Hermans poems

     14th   Attended the lectures, etc moot court in the afternoon, Valentine made some fun, our club met in the evening, I did not speak when I came out had a very narrow escape from being run over by a horse

     15th    Went into Boston to hear the eulogy of Edward Everett, on John Quincy Adams the law students were allowed a place in the procession, getting into Faneuil Hall was a little the most pressing work that I have ever experi-

......Pg. 26......

enced, it seemed as though our boddies would be broken in by the prefs, there was groaning and complaining on all sides, the benches and chairs were broken to splinters, and I deem myself very fortunate that I escaped with no broken limbs, although the crown of my hat was torn out, I at last obtained a very good situation, and heard the speech, rising of two hours in length, it was good. The hall was hung in mourning, the offices the deceased filled were printed in flowing capitals on the sides of the gallery, and the words of Washington "That he was the ablest of our diplomatic Corps”, also the inscription of Daniel Webster's "that he was born a citizen of Mafs, but died a citizen of the U.S." also the last words of the "old man eloquent" "this is the last of earth" The choir which was large gave us some very good music. This I suppose will close the public ceremonies on Adams. They have been many, expensive and magnificent. Mafsachusetts I think takes more pride in honoring her men than any other state, they cannot do too much for one of her favored sons, if a man becomes popular here, he is applauded, and almost deified, thus men of quite ordinary capacites are continually propped up, they cannot fall,

......Pg. 27.......

     16th    Sunday, Walked nearly all the forenoon with Parker first, then with Hubbard, in the afternoon read in Butler's Analogy and in the evening.

     17th   Went into Boston in the morning, and got my head measured for to get a hat made, it was foggy going over the bridge, I could see the top of Bunker hill monument above the fog, but could not see the bottom, it looked curious, as if it were in the clouds, came back to the lectures, in the afternoon argued a case in our law club, and attended moot court etc

      18th   Spent the day in the library doing the same as H, Clay was doing at the battle of N.O.

     Apr 19th   This is the aniversary of the battle at Lexington and it has been celebrated at that place, it snowed from some time in the night until two O clock in the afternoon constantly, there is now about four inches of snow on the ground. Greenleaf did not lecture to-day on the account of illnefs, I have spent the reading law

      20th   Walked into Boston in the morning to get a hat but did not get it, spent most of the day in the library.

     21st   Went to Boston in the morning and got a hat came back to the lectures, read Bentons speech on the california claims, and went to Wyman's first lec on anatomy, attended the club in evening.

......Pg. 28......

      22nd Read pretty steadily in the forenoon. In the afternoon took a stroll in Mount Auburn Cemetery. This is situated in Cambridge, about a mile and a half from the colleges, and about five miles from Boston It contains a hundred and ten acres of land, that is consecrated to the service of the dead, and most fitly is it chosen; nature and art have both apparently exhausted themselves to make it a hallowed spot The lot is made up of hills and dales, ravines and valleys, covered with trees and shrubbery of various kinds interspersed with the wild flower, containing also several beautiful little ponds of water. So that in a state of nature it was a wild romantic place, where the student of nature might feed his craving mind to the full upon her estatic delights. But art must come in for its full share in throwing charms around the scenery. The taste and ingenuity of man has attempted to add to natures works, the crucible of the Brurier, the chisel of the sculptor, and almost everything that wealth or affection can command has been brought into requisition; thousands upon thousands of dollars have been expended in laying out and ornamenting the ground, nature art, and private affection (by planting flowers and shrubbery upon and around the graves of their departed friends) have succeeded in making it an enchanted spot. It is a delightful place for a walk, for contemplation, for reflection, and to

......Pg.29......

obtain instruction from the silent, though impressive voice of the tomb. Many imposing monuments Mausoleums, Cenotaphs, Shafts, Slabs and inscriptions meet the eye, one of the latter I saw which seemed to me to contain volumes "The lament of the poor pronounced his eulogy." For a description of some of the most admired works of sculptures see "Guide book through Mt Auburn". In the evening commenced a letter to my sister.

      23rd   Sunday, In the forenoon penned some thoughts suggested by a visit to Mt, Auburn, in the afternoon Hubbard called at my room, and remained some time converseing, went to church, and heard a sermon upon the necessity of progression, read some in Butler and in the Bible etc

     24th Spent the day as usual, in the library etc

     25th   Study has been attended to pretty faithfully to-day, Thompson was here a part of the afternoon examining my papers. There is a great meeting to-night in Faneuil hall, about the recaptured slaves at Washington DC.

     26th   Greenleaf gave one lecture to-day, he has been ill for a time. had a good game of ball before supper read Kent in the evening

     27th Read Cruise on uses, 4 hours in the morning, then came the lectures, in the afternoon read Bacon on uses, played ball an hour before supper, in the evening read Kent on trusts.

......Pg. 30......

     28th Studied pretty hard on uses, & trusts, attended a lecture on anatomy (see com plase book) Brown a law student killed a horse to-day worth $300, by hard driving

     29th   Attended the Dane Club in the forenoon question "Are the free blacks citizens within the meaning of the Constitution." I was chairman and decided that when a state made them citizens of the state then they were citizens within the meaning of the constitution, of the U.S, Wrote some in the afternoon, and read the globe in the evening wrote a letter to Brother Lovell

     30th   Sunday. Read some in Butler's Analogy, Etc went to church once, heard a sermon from the 74 Psalm 16 v

     May 1st   Greenleaf gave but one lecture to-day on account of his health, I have been quite unwell myself, and consequently not done much

       2nd   No lectures to- day it has been exhibition day in the academic department. read some in Smith's wealth of nations, & some in Kent, wrote some etc

     3rd   Spent the day as usual. an alarm of fire in the evening

     4th   A very pleasant day. Occupied myself in the library the greater part of the day.

     5th   Spent the day in the library. Saw Hovey today from Ellisburgh, and received $100 of him

......Pg.31......

     6th Attended the Dane Club in the forenoon, in the afternoon went into Boston to see some Ellisburgh folks, came back through Charlestown, saw some of the prisoners in the states prison, one half of their clothes were red and one half blue, caps and all wrote some in the evening.

     7th Sunday. Went to the presbyterian church in the morning and heard a sermon from the text "Who is he that overcometh the world, but he that believeth that Jesus is the son of God," John 1st E. 5^th and 5th. In the afternoon read some, and meditated some; about 6 O clock we had a delightful shower, it ceased before 7, and setting in my window fronting a little square ornamented with trees and shrubbery it seemed to me that I never before enjoyed such a fresh; such a beautiful, such a delightful landscape. The trees with their young leaves refreshed by the gentle shower,-the grafs quickened to new life,- the pure air--the sun casting his soft beams over all, as if to add his blefsing to the scene before he bid adieu to earth,- and last of all the rainbow the crowning work of all earthly beauties, the bow of promise, the Queen of nature, the pledge of God. O Man! can ye look upon such a scene and say that earth hath no banquets for man, a sight which ought to make a heart of adamant, to throb with

......Pg. 32......

estatic delight--or can man with such a scene before his eyes think that art can ever rival nature?   An erring thought,- a vain immagination--To nature alone is it given to exhibit lovelinefs, beauty, grandeur, sublimity--in all its glorious perfection

      8th Walked down to the Charles, between 4 & 5 in the morning, and saw the tide going out, and had a fine salt water breeze, spent the rest of the day as usual

     9th   Pafsed through the same routine of study, lectures exercise reading writing etc

     10th Attended Greenleaf's lecture in the forenoon, in the afternoon attended the Dudlean lecture by Doct Gillman of South Carolinia, wrote in the evening

     11th   A very wet cold, and windy day, Spent my time about as usual

     12th   Was present at the lecture, in the afternoon walked with Parker up to Summerverville, read some in the library, in the evening played a game of chefs with Parker which occupied us about two hours, came out a draw game

     13th   Attended the Dane club in the forenoon and made a speech, a pretty good one, came away with a severe headache, which with some other troubles me from accomplishing much the rest of the day, except to play ball an hour. ......Pg.33.....

      14th   Went into Boston in the morning and attended the Swedenborg meeting, heard Webb on the organ (a celebrated musician of Boston, who has got out several musical works) he makes splendid music. The preaching seemed to be principally to show the similarity between the passions of men, and the different kinds of animals. Came back and attended service at the Episcopal Church in the afternoon at 3 O clock and heard a sermon upon the duty we are under to keep the Sabbath day holy. I then attended a service at the chapel at half past 4, O clock and heard a sermon upon the duty we are under to aspire to be a perfect man; the preacher showed that sin was a greater hindrance, than any thing else to our attaining perfect manhood, and that no one can lay claim to be called a man in the full sense of the term, until he had taken upon himself the crofs of Christ, asked and obtained help from him, to afsist us to become a perfect man, Read fifteen chapters in the book of Exodus, some in Butlers Analogy etc

     15th   Attended Greenleafs lecture on Cruise in the morning. - there was none in Equity. In the afternoon attended Wymans lecture on physiology, it was excellent he showed difference between the ourang, negro and Caucasian races, among other things. at 4 O clock attended the Harvard club in the evening read Abbott.

......Pg. 34......

     16th    Attended the lectures in the morning, and moot court in the afternoon, played ball about an hour.

     17th   Attended the lectures, Greenleaf's et Wymans (see, c,p,b) and read some, etc

     18th   Attended the lectures, read in my room, wrote a letter to Shoecraft etc

     19th   Attended Parker's lectures, and Wymans, moot court also, all very good,(see, com place books) to-day and yesterday afternoon has been oppressively hot Thermometer as high as ninety

      20th Attended the Dane Club in the forenoon spent the afternoon at Parker's room time--lost never to be reclaimed, time is invaluable to all, and yet how few there are that do not lose many of its precious moments, and that oftentimes when they make to themselves the most positive promises not to let improper diversions rob them of their time

     21st   Sunday. Went into Boston in the morning, to the seaman's church, coming out saw the building that stands upon the site, that the house did in which Benjamen Franklin was born, saw also fort hill one of the hills of the trinue city, came by also the medical college and hospital, they are very pleasantly situated, and the grounds tastefully ornamented with trees and shrubbery. came home and wrote some upon the subject of endlefs punishment. etc. ......Pg. 35......

     22nd   Attended the lecture in the morning, had some fun in taking a glafs of soda with Davis; attended Wymans lecture in the afternoon, which he illustrated by dissecting a human arm, and showing us the different muscles, cords, and tendons which give to it its operations. read some in the memoirs of lord Chesterfield etc

     23rd   Attended the lectures, moot-court etc

     24th    Attended Greenleafs and Wymans lectures, and spent the rest of the day in the library, It is very cold & has been so all the week, I believe we have not seen the sun yet this week, it has rained a little every day.

     25th   Attended the lectures , and moot court Wilson of Penn displayed much talent, went into Boston in the evening, to a meeting in Fanueil Hall, Mike Walsh was expected to speak in favor of reform among the police, but he did not appear, he was said to be drunk, the meeting was nothing more than a mere row, any every drunkard or loafer that could reach the stand, spoke if he chose, until he was hifsed off

      26th   Attended Greenleafs and Wymans lecture (see com p,b.) spent the rest of the day in the library looking at reports etc and in my room reading Globe etc. Heard to-night that Lewis Cafs is nominated as a candidate for the presidency

......Pg. 36......

     27th   Attended the Dane Club in the forenoon, spent the rest of the day in my room reading, writing etc

     28th   Sunday. Went to church once and heard a sermon from Deut 29, et 29, by Dr Noyes, spent the rest of the day in writing a long letter to father, and in reading same, and walking some for exercise

       29th   Attended Greenleafs and Wymans lectures, and the Harvard Club, argued a case in it etc. Went into Boston in the evening and hear Dr Dewy on peace, he delivered an able addrefs, coming home came across Greene (a law student) drunk and quarreling with some women

     30th   Attended the lectures, and moot court in the afternoon, had an interesting case.

     31st Attended the usual lectures, and went into Boston in the evening to an abolition meeting, heard Phillips, Parker and a negro. A crazy man came into the hall before it commenced, and walked backwards and forwards acrofs the hall with more majesty and dignity than any man I ever saw his name is Elijah Their, his head is turned by Millerism, he has been I am told from Mafsachusetts to Jerusalem, and has just returned, he went there, to be there at the ascension, He made his way by begging, and working his passage, and undoubtedly suffered incalculable hardships, but he has lived through it, he now thinks himself Jesus Christ.

......Pg. 37......

      June 1st   Quite a cold day, attended the lectures, and a moot court, and went into Boston in the evening, to an abolition meeting. this closed up their anniversary meetings for this year, their plan now of dissolving the Union I think is most despicable, but I do not believe that they will raise as much of an excitement as they are in hopes of doing. there was some disturbance in the meeting arising from disatisfaction with the speakers, and with their sentiments

     2nd   Attended the lectures, and went into Boston in the evening to hear Gough, Bungay from Canada, and King from Ireland speak upon temperance in Faneuil Hall. all good speakers, King said that Louis Phillipe had in his cellar when he left his kingdom so suddenly 275,000 bottles of 250 kinds of wine. Gough said that his present lecture was the hundredth and seventieth third time he had addrefsed the citizens of Boston on temperance.

     3rd   Attended the Dane Club in the morning and spoke, went a fishing an hour or two with Hubbard, in the afternoon, did not catch anything, then made out the minutes of the club, which duty as secraty of the sosiety I am required to do. Spent the rest of the day, in reading the news, and in making preparations for the sabbath. Warm weather seems now to have commenced in earnest.

......Pg. 38......

     4th   Sunday. Went into Boston in the morning and heard King an Irishman from Dublin, his sermon was excellent, it was upon the unity of the church, his object is to raise funds to endeavour to reform Ireland in a religious point of view. Came home and attended service at the chapel in the afternoon, and read several pages of law, in the book of Exodus, the great fountain head from which all law is derived

     5th   No lectures, on account of what is called here an election, the governor of the state, takes his seat and gives out commissions to his officers, and a company of arttilery, called " the ancient and honourables, parade, and elect their officers. Read law in the forenoon, on the subject of remainders. in the afternoon attended the Harvard Club and read in the library.

    6th   Attended the lectures, and moot-court, The whig convention met to-day I suppose at Philadelphia, for the nomination of a President It is cold again, we have not had as yet but about four days of warm weather, two of those were very warm

     7th   Attended the lectures, and also a moot-court, Parker finished Abott on shipping to-day. (see c.p.b.)

     8th Attended Greenleafs lecture, and spent the rest of the day in the library, heard of the nomination of Taylor for the presidency

......Pg. 39......

     9th   Attended the lectures, and a moot-court, Elder made a good argument. The weather to-night looks a little like clearing up, it has been cold and wet all the week, sun not to be seen.

     10th   Attended the Dane Club in the forenoon and made a short speech, in the afternoon, went on the river Charles in a boat, with Parker, and had a pleasant ride, then played three games of chefs with him, read a little etc

     11th   Sunday. Heard two excellent sermons by Dr Walker, one upon gaining the good opinion of good men, which he held to be the same, as to endeavour to please God, for God would be pleased by our endeavours to do right. The other upon the manner of gaining strength from God. Read in Thompson Leasous, his surviver, and some in the new testament, in the book of John

     12th   Attended Greenleaf's lecture in the morning, he announced that he had resigned, on account of his health, the law school met after lecture and appointed a committee to consider, and devise some mode of showing our respect to his worth. Attended Wymans lecture in the afternoon (se c,p.b,) and the Harvard Club, and argued a case. Went into Boston in the evening to a democratic meeting, for the purpose of ratifying the nomination of Cafs, heard Hallet, Green etc.

......Pg.40......

     13th   Attended Greenleaf's lecture, and spent the rest of the day reading etc

     14th   Attended Greenleaf's lecture; a vote was pafsed after lecture to have his portrait taken at the expense of the students, attended Wymans lecture, and spent the rest of the day looking up cases, reading etc

     15th   Attended the lectures etc Greenleaf held his last court in the afternoon he gave us some very good instructions upon our duties as lawyers.

     16th   Greenleaf gave his last lecture to-day, he made some remarks at the close, he said he had been in the law school fifteen years, he had endeavoured to imprefs upon his pupils a lasting sense of the majesty of the law, and of the duties of its administrators, he said Providence seemed to call him here, and also seemed to call him away and he constantly looked to an overruling providence in all things, he said farewell was a hard word to say and he would not say it, but we had his best wishes, and he hoped that the blefsings of God would attend us always--Went into Boston in the evening to a whig ratification meeting, old Faneuil Hall was densely crowded and many could not get in, Choate addrefsed the meeting, Major Gaines also from Kentucky, there was much enthusiasm, it is not difficult in Boston to raise a whig meeting.

......Pg. 41......

     June 17th 1848   The anniversary of the battle of Bunker Hill. I attended the Dane Club in the forenoon, and spoke upon the question. In the afternoon went over to Charlestown, on to Bunker Hill. The scene presented to-day is quite different from the one presented 73 years ago. The hill was then covered with people, the sound of cannon was heard, ships lay at anchor in the bay, flags were seen waving in the breeze, soldiers marching to and fro, and the sound of martial music greeted the ear. The same things are seen and heard to-day; but people are congregated there for a different purpose, the afsembly then was composed of the minions of tyranny, on the one side and the devotees of liberty on the other, met to engage with each other in the death struggle, the one for hire, the other for, themselves, their country, and their posterity. to-day it is the meeting of friends, a universal jubilee the sound of cannon then was but the angry thunder of tyranny, to-day it is the celebration of a nations glory; the ships that then lay in the harbour were so many instruments to crush the opening bud of liberty, to-day the harbor bears upon its peaceful bosom the commerce of the world; flags then were used as rallying point, to advance to the combat, to-day they serve to awaken within us national pride ......Pg.42......

and love of country, all things are changed, the glorious results of that never to be forgotten day is seen all around you as far as the eye can reach and to crown all the spire of liberty in its simple majesty and its grandeur points to Heaven as if to indicate that our destiny must still be upward and onward

       18th   Sunday. Heard two sermons from Walker very good ones, one showing what was false honour, the other that a christian man was the result of growth, but the unfolding of the bud of virtue in man. This is a very hot day, up to this time, there has been but very little good weather, for the most part it has been cold cloudy, foggy weather, with many sudden changes, I think that the New England climate particularly in this region is as unhealthy as any portion of the United States, the consumption here is worse than the fevers South and West, I am of the opinion that I should have it in a very few years were I to stay in this section

     19th    Attended Parker's and Wymans lectures, and spent the rest of the day reading etc

     20th   Attended Parker's lecture, and spent the rest of the day in reading, Debates in the Virginia Convention (,on the constitution by Robertson)

.....Pg. 43......

     21st    Attended the lecture, and read law, also played three games of chefs with Pearson

     22nd   Attended the lectures, and read, constitutional law. In the afternoon some of the chaps met in the club room, for the purpose of getting Smith of Ohio to make speeches, and to have fun at his expense some of the most forward ones, were bigger fools than he, only not quite so green, thus the word goes "One fool lolls his tongue out, at another. And shakes his empty noddle at his brother."

     23rd   Attended Parker's and Wymans lectures, and moot-court heard of the nomination of M, Vanburen by the barn-burners of N.Y. for the presidency, bought a summer hat

      24th   Wrote a letter to Parker, went into Boston in the afternoon with Hubbard, went up to the top of the statehouse and there had a fine view of Boston and vicinity, the bay etc came back by the way of Charleston and went into the prison, and went round and saw the prisoners at work etc

     25th   Sunday, Heard two excellent sermons from Dr Walker, one upon prayer, he said prayer should be a natural overflow of devotional feeling, the other upon honor, he maintained that a man should not be satisfied with being as good as other men but should do right let the world do what it may and put ourselves above reproach, & suspicion

......Pg. 44......

     26th   Attended the lectures, and spent a part of the afternoon at Thompsons room, read etc

     27th    Attended the lecture, and moot-court. read M Vanburen's letter etc

     28th   Attended the lectures, read some walked some, talked some, with Hubbard. in my room after supper

       29th   Attended the lecture read Kent, Story on the con, debates on the adoption of the constitution, wrote a letter to Shoecraft etc

       30th   Attended the lectures, and moot-court, and went into Boston in the evening to hear Giddings of Ohio on the Wilmot proviso, he spoke nearly two hours he is quite an earnest speaker, but not a very interesting one, so far as manner and elocution is concerned, he speaks good sense though and has a ready tact to take up anything that occurs, and turn it to good account, his voice seems to be to weak to exprefs the feeling of his soul, his appearance that of a rough old farmer

     July 1st   Attended the Dane club and made a speech wrote some

      July 2nd   Sunday, Heard two sermons from Dr Walker went with Smith a junior in college, into the room of collections, of the Natural History society, saw many curiosities there new strange and curious, among them an ostrich egg I should think it was as big as my two fists, also some whales teeth etc etc etc etc

.....Pg. 45......

     3rd   Attended the lecture, and a jury trial in the afternoon Valentine Crier, and McGowek Marshall, Force clerk

     4th    A beautiful morning, which is the more welcome inasmuch as we have had an ocean fog, and cold damp weather for nearly a week past, they are making a great noise this morning, with powder, ringing of bells etc Went over to Boston after breakfast, saw first the floral procession as it is called, it is made up of the sunday-school scholars, their heads decked with flowers, their waists also encircled with a wreath, all dressed out in holiday attire, and formed into a procession, march through several streets, and then stop at the public garden, and sell their flowers etc it was quite a beautiful and imposing spectacle. The "beauty and the chivalry" of Boston is out to-day. the sporting children. the "blushing damsel", the sedate matron--the old man leaning upon his staff, all are enjoying a nations jubilee, not only in Boston, but throughout this whole Union--the whole nation have this day patrioticly, enthusiastically, and simultaneously laid aside their daily avocations to celebrate the birthday of freedom, to recall to their minds, and to the minds of their children the blessings we enjoy and how those blessings were secured to us, May this day continue to be thus celebrated for thousands of years to come, and as it now does, serve the same purpose in the political world, as the Sabbath does

......Pg. 46......

in the moral. Many laughable and instructive things may be seen in Boston to-day, you see yankee ingenuity exhausting itself in contriving ways and means to get money from the uninitiated crowd. In the evening there was $2000, worth of fireworks burned, there was probably fifty thousand spectators on the common,

     5th   Attended the lecture, and read debates on the adoption of the constitution.

     6th   Our last lecture was given to-day for this term

     7th   We have had a jury trial to-day, which closes the term. I have not accomplished so much as I intended this term, but I think I have made some progrefs in the law, in the knowledge of the world, and of human nature. I can now only be thankful for what advancement I have been enabled to make, regret that I have not employed my time better, and by the light of past experience endeavour to do better for the future.

       8th   Went to Concord and Lexington to-day with Elder we went by the turnpike direct from this place to Concord, we pafsed many pleasant situations one place where the house stood back some thirty rods from the road, and on the flat between the road and the house, was a husbandman leaning upon his spade, and an urn , made of wood both of them I should think painted white. The houses

......Pg. 47......

though as a general thing far apart, and the land very poor, stony etc, we had a fine view of Boston and the surrounding country on an eminence some five miles on our journey. We visited the monument at Concord, saw the battle field, where the first Britton fell, etc. We then went to Lexington a distance of six miles, and saw the monument there we saw one ball hole that was shot at the

battle there was eight men killed there, Ensign, Munroe, Jonas Parker. Samuel Hadley. Jonathan Harrington, Isaac Murry. Caleb Harrington, and John Brown of Lexington, and Asahel Porter of Woburn. This is a quotation taken from the inscription on the monument, This monument was erected in 1799, the battle was fought Apr 19, 1775, we came from Lexington in the cars, having walked all the rest of the way, a distance of about twenty miles. Visiting these first battle fields of the revolution strengthens our love of country and renews our determination to preserve our liberties for us so nobly gained, and hand down to our posterity the same rich legacy that has been bequeathed to us.

     9th   Sunday Heard Dr Walker twice, in the afternoon he gave his parting discourse to the seniors, it was full of valuable advice, and sound morality. Smith came to my room after dinner and I afsisted him to write a letter, in which we put much eloquence and a fine "descriptis personarium"

......Pg. 48......

     10th   Wrote a letter home, and went into Boston and attended court a while, and went to the top of the custom house, had there a fine view of the harbor. Coming out I saw the burdocks completely covered with catapillars, and grafshoppers, some of the burdocks they had completely stripped of their leaves, there was dozens of both kinds of these creatures on a single leaf, I never saw the like of it before

       11th   Went to Plymoth with Elder, a distance of thirty miles, Was well paid for my visit, They have many curiosities, and relics of the pilgrims collected in Pilgrim Hall, King Phillip's original letter to Governer Price, the gun barrel with which he was killed, some of the bibles belonging to the Pilgrims and some of the furnature etc etc brought over in the Mayflower. I also saw the old charter of the colony, the Plymoth rock, etc As I stood upon the rock, I thought what must have been the feeling of the Pilgrims, when they first put foot upon it, a wilderness before them, full of savage beasts and savage men, in the depth of winter (20 Dec 1620) etc etc etc

     12th   Drew books from the library, read in my room etc received a letter from home, and one from Parker had a great fire in Boston towards night

     13th   Attended the doings of the seniors, an oration etc a poem, they also had a dance on the green etc

.....Pg. 49......

      14th    Attended the exhibition of the Divinity-School, and a sermon to the Alumni in the a sermon to the Alumni in the afternoon, and read some, also received a letter from I. W. Nott, and the first number of my paper, "The Young Guard"

     15th   Read some in the morning, and then went into Boston, went into court a while, then went to the top of the state-house, and there had a very fine view of the city and surrounding country. In the Munincipal court they had about thirty prisoners up for sentence, some very small boys, some pretty girls, some negroes, & some men most of them would make honest citizens in the country I think, multitudes of famishing miserable creatures are dragging out their existence in cities simply because they do not know what an easy living they might obtain in the country.

     16th   Attended the orthodox church in the forenoon, read some in the Bible, and some in the history of the Pilgrims, also walked up to Mt Auburn,

     17th   Remained at my room reading with the exception of fishing some

     18th   Read in the forenoon, went and picked some huckleburies after dinner with Smith, also fished some etc

      19th   Went into the Charles, bathing in the morning. read in my room some, and in the afternoon went up to fresh-pond, and walked

......Pg. 50......

a while in the beautiful grove on its banks It was full of people to-day, as was also the pond covered with boats, filled with pleasure parties etc. This is a favorite and fashionable resort for visitors in warm weather. We pafsed the house in which Washington had his headquarters, while in cambridge, it was at that time an elegant house, and is still in a good state of repair, the chamber where he lodged is now kept vacant, and the same furniture which was in it at that time is still in it. The house belonged to a tory and it was confiscated to the U. States

      20th   Went into the Charles in the morning, bathing also fished some, remained in my room the rest of the day until after supper, then went to see the Mafsachusetts volunteers just returned from Mexico. They are now in camp about a mile from here. I heard terrible stories in the course of the day, that they were starving to death, three had died from starvation in the course of the day, folks said we ought to sympathize with them for humanitys sake, but not because they had been butchering Mexicans (or in other words they deserved no credit for volunteering to fight the battles of our common country, for they knew, or ought to have known that the war was unjust, and it was their duty to fight againts government instead of for it.

......Pg. 51......

God be praised that such opinions do not generally prevail) I found them in some tents and old sheds, and many of them very dirty, and looking bad as it was said they did, they had no change of clothing etc, and there had one died, instead of three, of a disentary, and as to starving I found they had to wait until nine O clock for breakfast and I found that government was not to blame for their appearance or their condition, for they had been allowed their clothes money, ($3,50 a month) and had spent it. and yet the Mafsachusetts folks, have found materials, for moralizing a fortnight upon the evils of an unjust war, and curses enough to sink Polk in endless perdition, were it in their power to do so. For my part I did not see any new argument that the war was unjust, I saw it is true some dirty looking profligate men (not all so by any means) but these may be seen anywhere, a few were sick also these are evils attendant upon war it is true, but I believe that the time has not as yet come when war shall be known no more, and notwithstanding all these sights when I gazed upon the stars and stripes that waved so proudly over their heads and reflected how our army had so nobly borne that flag amid the carnage of battle, and added lustre to every star, I felt that they should have a more cordial reception. It is estimated that three thousand persons have been to see them to-day.

......Pg. 52......

     21st   Went in a bathing in the morning then read and wrote until noon. then took a stroll with Smith around Mount Auburn, it is a delightful place I am more and more interested every time I visit it. It seems like an earthly Paradise, so much brightness, so much beauty, so much grandeur, so much taste, so much elegance, and so much art meets the eye--so sweet and lively is the signing of birds, in the trees, that with their rich foliage cast a soft shade o'er the tomb, that the leaving the remains of a friend there, cannot seem like leaveing his dust for the worm to fatten upon but rather laying him gently to rest in an Elysian field. Every thing has been done to remove from this hallowed spot the gloom of the tomb and to render it both agreeable and instructive for the living to spend a pafsing hour in its shady groves, and upon its sunny hill sides. It is visited and admired by travellers from all parts of the United States, I may add of the world, It is also a favorite resort of the thoughtful and meditative in the immediate vicinity. Here the contemplative mind may muse upon the beauties, and sublimities of nature. and the charms of art, until it is raised from earth in estatic delights, and superhuman joys.

.....Pg. 53.....

     22nd    Went to Charlestown, early in the morning, visited on the way a very fine garden, saw many beautiful flowers, and rare plants, saw in a hot-house lemons and oranges hanging on the trees, the lemons were large and all seemed nearly ripe, the oranges were some of them ripe. and some green, the roof of the house was covered (on the inside) with grapes which hung in beautiful clusters; they are worth a dollar a pound. We saw at Charlestown the monument and the shipyard, saw two seventy fours, some war frigates, and the Constitution, that has covered the navy, with so much glory. Went to Boston and saw the volunteers escorted through town by the Boston companies

     23rd   Attended Mr Albros church in the forenoon read the bible some, walked some, and talked some , with Smith

      24th   Read until one, then went a huckleberrying came at three back to my room, and read a dramatic piece

     25th   Went a fishing in the morning, came back and read 50 pages of law, after dinner went a huckleberrying, came back in time to read some and go up to the college garden, it is now in bloom and looks fine, it contains about ten acres, and contains a vast variety of domestic and foreign plants, shrubs, flowers, etc it has a circular pond

......Pg. 54......

in the middle of it, with some gold, and some silver fish in it. Came back by the Washington Elum, which is the tree under which Washington took command of the continental army, it is a venerable tree, its branches extend to almost the side of the street each side, it is yet vigorous and thriving, it is surrounded with a railing of iron and preserved with great care. I had the good luck to fall in with an old man who saw the transaction, he said he was twelve years old at the time, but remembered it perfectly well he showed with much satisfaction where Washington stood, and where the army was, he said the army was drawn up on parade, and were attending prayers, and during prayers, there appeared a bright star towards Brighton, (nearly West) and this being a very strange occurrence, it being about two O clock in the afternoon, the attention of the army was drawn from prayers, and directed to the star, and while they was looking at the star they discovered Washington under this tree which stands a little to the right of the direction of the star, from the position where the army stood. He also said he saw the battle of bunker hill, and gave me a discription of it, he was so fond of telling over these scenes, that much as I liked to hear them, I could scarcely get away from him.

......Pg. 55.....

.     26th   Read some and went over to Brookline, it is a very pleasant place, the buildings are tastefully built and the adjacent grounds ornamented at great labor and expense

     27th   Spent the day in reading, conversation, walking etc. I saw the house in which Burgoyne was kept a prisoner in the revolution.

     28th   Read law, and went a huckleberrying

        29th Went into Boston early in the morning with Smith, saw some white mice, and also a dwarf who was a very singular looking personage. Went into the municipal court, and heard the trial of an Irish woman, she plead her own case and done it with so much Irish spirit & Irish brogue that I and some others laughed so that we were spoken to by the sheriff. It is all important for a young lawyer to attract attention in court, at the commencement of his practice, I have succeeded in doing it thus early

     30th   Sunday. Went to church in the forenoon spent most of the afternoon in conversation & reading with Elder & Smith

     31st   A wet cold disagreeable day, read law, and history, and rhetorick, Cousin Gershem called to see me in the afternoon

     August 1st    Went into Boston to see Gershem & his wife at the Marlborho house. went with him

.....Pg. 56......

to South Boston to a foundery, saw them casting, boreing, and polishing cannon, the overseer said that it took five tons of metal to cast a cannon but when it was finished it only weighed about three tons. Went also to see the Greek Slave. It is a highly finished work of art, seeming perfect in all its parts, or rather an ideal perfection, of what a woman should be, chiseled out of pure white marble. The foot, the leg, the hand also the nails, the neck, the hair, the body all executed with the most exquisite symetry, and the chain that binds the hands, and the clasps around the wrists all cut out so perfectly, and the pedestal upon which she leans, all carved out of the same block of marble, and all done so tastefully, so perfectly, and so symetrically, that it may well be called one of the highest works of art, and deserves the high celebrity it has acquired. It will, it ought to give the artist an enduring fame, and give to him the name of the American Phidias. Remained at dinner with Gershem, and saw something of the manner of doing things at the fashionable Boston hotels, had some excellent peaches etc Came home and read one of J Q, Adams lectures on rhetorick, and oratory, and heard Smith read another

......Pg. 57......

     2nd   Went into Boston early, in order to take the cars for Lynn, was too late for the first train, and so walked about and saw the shipping, saw a drowned man by the name of Oaks, who jumped off the ferry-boat, he was a lawyer and rich, said to be worth one hundred thousand, This is the third instance of suicide by rich men recently, one man at Nahant worth his hundreds of thousands, was so grieved at the lofs of a horse that he drowned himself, and a young man worth nine hundred thousand dollars, cut his throat because his money could not buy him enjoyment enough. Took the cars, at East Boston. Saw an English steamer, there, had an agreeable ride to Lynn, when I arrived there, I went to the top of a high rock, from which the whole village & the surrounding country, and the ocean could be seen, The sight was surprifsingly beautiful, particularly upon the ocean, it was so calm the village of Lynn contains about 14,000 inhabitants, and the principal employment is making womens shoes, I was told that a single workman makes fourteen pair a day, at 10 or 12 cts a pair, and that they could not only make them cheaper, than the English can send them here even if there was no protection, but they could and had gone to England, and made shoes there

......Pg. 58......

cheaper than the English can do it, the reason given why they could do this was, that they know better how to cut stock, and can work faster, which I think in order to make the story look reasonable should be taken that the Yankees do not scruple so much about putting in poor stock, and can slight their work more without any compunctions of convenience. We walked from Lynn to the city of Salem, the world renowned witch city, saw gallows hill where the witches were hung etc. Salem is quite a businefs place, came back to Lynn and staid all night

     3rd   Walked to Nahant early, (a distance of five miles) upon the shore, picked up shells, and enjoyed the scenery as we pafsed, went in bathing in the ocean. The farthest point of Nahant projecting into the ocean, terminates in a high ledge of rocks, thrown together in all the grandeur and sublimity of nature's noblest architecture added to this the mad surging of the ocean waves beating against its base, and the boundlefs ocean itself before you, it seemed to me I had never seen a sight more surpafsingly sublime, not excepting even the great Niagra, Nahant is the summer resort of the Bostonians it is to Boston what Hoboken is to New York,

......Pg. 59......

and is now thronged with visitors, I came back by steamboat, and had a fine view of Boston and the coast from the sea, also the islands in the harbour, the shipping, and the monument. Had upon the whole a very pleasing and instructive trip; although we did not find an opportunity to take a trip on the ocean, a fishing, which was the original principal object of the excursion.

     4th   Went a fishing, and got a fish on my hook so big that his weight broke my hook, which I suppose was left sticking in his mouth, the weight of the fish was probably lefs than one hundred lbs. Read law some, and went a huckleberrying

     5th   Went into Boston, and attended court some and read some in my room

     6th   Sunday. Went into Boston to hear father Taylor (he is a preacher that is noted for having done much for the sailor, he preaches to them every sabbath, and is noted for his zeal for their improvement) Back of the pulpit is a very imprefsive drawing, representing a vessel in imminent danger of being dashed against rocks upon a shore fronted by an insurmountable precipice. The vessel is headed from shore, and all sail up but she is rolling in the breakers, and the mad waves rolling over her bow, lashing the shore

......Pg. 60......

with such fury, as to make one white sheet of foam all around. and high up the impending cliff. the power of man seems of no avail, even the sheet anchor can give us no hope, but there is a sheet anchor seen in the Heavens above, and an Angel emerging from a bright cloud, thus symbolically, and impressively showing the sailor that he must secure his sheet anchor in Heaven. The old man went through the service with great fervency, and zeal, his text was, from the 119 Ps, 75 verse, came home and read the book of Job (42 chaps)

     7th   Went into Boston, and attended the different courts a while, saw Choate managing a case, also obtained some tickets for admifsion into the mills at Lowell. Came back, visited at Mr Hays. Had a present of bouquet, also read some in my room.

     8th Commenced Story on agency. read one hundred pages. In the afternoon went to see Mr Cushions garden (a very celebrated garden belonging to a rich man, living in Watertown some two or three miles from this place) it contains a very great variety both of domestic, and exotic plants, and is laid out and cultivated with much taste, I saw peach, and pear trees, perfectly flat clinging to the fence like a

......Pg. 61......

vine, and having on them some fine fruit. Also visited the village of Watertown, had a pretty long walk before I got back, but a pleasant and instructive one

     9th   Read law quite steadily; bathed once in the Charles

     10th   Went into Boston, saw them draining the pond on the common, went into court a while etc. Bought several books at auction

      11th   Read law in the forenoon, and in the afternoon went up to Mt Auburn with Smith. There are a great many visitors there now. It is now very warm weather, and I take great pleasure in bathing in the Charles, I can swim so easily in salt water.

     12th   Read and wrote and talked with Mr Anderson, from whom I obtained much information, on various subjects.

     13th   Sunday. Went to the Baptist church, and read some also

      14th   Read some, and wrote a letter home

       15th Went to Lowel, "the city of spindles" Saw the machinery, the girls etc (there are many thousand of them there) The carpet power looms, are a great curiosity to a stranger, there was some two hundred of them in one room, all tended by girls, all weaving is done by machinery, the shuttle is thrown through by

......Pg. 62......

machinery & all the girls have to do is to put the yarn in the shuttles; I saw eleven shuttles in one loom, it was so fixed that the one with such a kind of yarn, would be shot through just when it was wanted, and so with all the rest. All the mills are upon canals taken from the Merimack river I went up to the river. the dam and the canals are expensive works. the manufacturers, are getting very rich I should think by the appearances of the wealth displayed there, I do not think that they will need much more duties on foreign goods in order to make a living. They are building more factories constantly.

     16th   Wrote two letters, and read some.

     17th   Went into Boston, to a book auction, made some purchases. Saw an Indian, without feet, he nevertheless carried an organ, upon which he played, with one hand, and took change with the other.

     18th   Remained in my room, and read, it has been a rainy day

      19th   Read law, and newspapers. The prospects of Cafs look more encouraging.

     20th   Sunday. Went to the Universalist church at Cambridge-port. The sermon was upon the evidences that Christ rose from the dead, and this being true, the truth of Christianity is proved etc.

......Pg. 63......

     21st   Read in Stephen on pleading, and in Hallam's middle ages etc etc Saw Worcester the lexicographer. He has quite an intellectual looking head. Saw the busts of Story & Quincy, in the library, made of marble

      22nd   Read in the forenoon, and went into Boston in the afternoon, Bought me an overcoat, & vest. Went through the market, which is very extensive, and worth seeing, also walked along the wharves, and saw the vast amount of shipping lying in the harbor. also walked along Ann Street, and saw some of the inhabitants of that section of the city. Remained in the evening to a ratification-meeting, of the nomination of Martin Vanburen, Old Faneuil was crammed, and the enthusiasm considerable. Faneuil Hall, was given to the city of Boston by a man of the name of Faneuil, sometime previous to the revolution. It was the rostrum for the revolutionary patriots, and has echoed to the voice of all the great men of Mafsachusetts and is called the "cradle of liberty, behind the rostrum for the speaker, is the portrait of the donor, and Washington, full length, and several half length, The Adamses, Hancock, Warren, Knox, & others. The hall will hold about three thousand persons, it has no seats except in the galleries, it has been once repaired, and enlarged.

......Pg. 64......

      23rd   This is commencement day, the governer and dignitaries of Boston were escorted out here, by a band, and the lancers, (the governer is noted as the man, who never wears a dickey) his name is Briggs, The church was very full of course, a great number of ladies were present, all looking very pretty etc, the speaking was pretty good, all the speakers wore black gowns, and caps like the presidents, they did not of course have the caps on while speaking. The President confered the various degrees with considerable dignity, he sat in the very chair used at the first commencement of the college, and used every year since. it is quite an ancient looking piece of furniture, made of round posts the whole of it.

    24th   The prize declamations came off to-day. and also the phibetakappa oration & poem. The oration was very fine indeed; delivered by Dr. Bushnell of Hartford, his subject, work, & play. The poem was good, by Sargant.

     25th   Walked the most part of the day, with Mitchel visited Mt Auburn with him in the afternoon saw many nice beauties there, among them, an iron fence, surrounding a lot, consisting of clusters of grapes, cast with much exactnefs and beauty, also N.P. Willis's lot, (the poet) in which his wife is buried, its fence is of evergreens, and the gate

......Pg. 65......

of cedar boughs, all rural in its appearance. Our term commenced to-day

     26th   Went through the building, for the scientific school, which is now nearly completed: it is a fine building (Abbott Lawrence has given one hundred thousand dollars for its erection) Went to see the United States arsenal, also, in Brighton: there are quite a variety of instruments there to destroy life with.

     27th   Sunday, Went to Charlestown, to hear King, a Universalist. (He is only about 22 years old, and has obtained his education himself, but is already one of the most eloquent preachers, in this section) He has just returned from the Aroses, where he has been for his health. He gave us an eloquent speech on the ocean

     28th   The law-school met today, and were addrefsed by the profefsors. Parsons, our new profefsor appeared well. Things look encouraging, for the term.

     29th   Parsons first lectures were given to-day, they were interesting, & instructive.

     30th   Attended the first lectures, by Parker this term to-day. Read some in Blackstone, find it very interesting. Bathed in the Charles, walked with Mitchell etc. There is quite a number of new students, some of them appear rather awkward but it is impposible to tell in the quarey which block of marble, will be wrought into a Venus.

.....Pg. 66......

       31st   A day spent in my accustomed avocations

     Sept 1st   Mr Dexter met us for the first time. his appearance is good, and I think we shall not fail of deriving much benefit from his instructions. Examined my case some, for moot-court, and attended the first meeting of the Dane Club. There is a Vanburen meeting this evening, but I am writing this instead of being there, and consider myself quite as beneficially employed

     2nd   Went into Boston, in the afternoon, to see Dr Merill, go up with a balloon. The balloon held sixty five thousand gallons of gas. It ascended very regularly indeed, and kept soaring away, first penetrating the clouds, that in detached clusters were lowering above us, and lost from our view within them, then gliding onward, and upward, until the man became no larger than a sea-birds wing, then a mere speck, then totally invisible, but still we could see the balloon, still mounting higher and higher, as if in a vain attempt to reach the stars, until itself seemed no larger than a turtles egg, and finally the eye is no longer able to follow the track of a human being sporting among the clouds ......Pg. 67......

     3rd Sunday, Attended church, at the Orthodox several members were received into the church. Walked some with Mitchel & Hubbard. Heard that the balloon man came down at Marshfield, on the farm of Daniel Webster some fifteen or twenty miles from where he started.

      4th   Attended the lectures, and in the evening went into Boston to a Democratic meeting. Heard General Cushing, He was severely hissed at first, but the disturbing ones were thrust out of the hall, and we had a good speech, but I have no confidence in the man.

     5th   Had some fine lectures from Parsons. heard & read an account of the balloon man he was up about an hour, and went some thirty miles, he went over the bay at first and landed near Tuxbury.

       6th   After the labors of the day were closed, went into Boston to hear John Vanburen, he spoke in old Faneuil (which was densely crowded). he is quite comical and speaks well. He looks like a full blooded Dutchman The enthusiasm, was pretty well up in the crowd: it was laughable to hear so large an audience get up groans, it resembled the roaring of a lion.

......Pg 68......

     7th   I have had a case in moot-court today and my client gained his cause.

     8th   Attended Mr Dexter's lectures, and the Dane Club in the evening, and made a speech

     9th   Did not study much, went to a free soil meeting in the evening

     10th Sunday.   Went to church, and read some walked some, and tried to sing some. My throat has felt badly for a week or so and I fear I have symptoms of the bronchitis

     11th   Had some interesting lectures from Parker, met with the Harvard club, etc. Maine has an election today

     12th    Attended the lectures which were very good, Parsons, got quite eloquent on the subject of our government in comparison with England. Went to a Taylor meeting in the evening, and heard Duncan from Louisiana, Set up until twelve O clock to see a total eclipse of the moon

      13th   After the forenoon exercises, went into Boston to see another balloon ascension. A man and woman attempted to go up but they soon came to the ground, the woman got out, and some of the ballast was taken out, then the man went above very well he ascended almost perpendicularly to a great

......Pg 69......

height, and then floated off to the South a direction directly contrary to the direction of the wind on the ground.

    14th   Mifsed the lectures, to go to see the Vermont launched (man of war, seventy four guns) she went into the water beautifully. There was an immense concourse of people to witnefs it the rigging of the other men of war was filled with the sailors, all drefsed alike, white pantaloons blue roundabouts, and tarpolitan hats

     15th   Dexter's lecture was upon the history of the English constitution (or rather English liberty, for there is no English written constitution) it was good. Attended the Dane club in the evening, and spoke upon both sides of the questions, so I shall be sure to be upon the side that gains the question.

     16th   Went into Boston after dinner, saw a pile machine in operation, on the Charles river. Got my daugerotype taken, it is a good picture, very natural. Bought some books

     17th   Went to church once, Conversed a while with Mitchell in his room, also walked with him coppied part of a letter. written by Mr Legare (Attorney general under Tyler, now dead) containing advice to the would be lawyer and statesman See com p b page 15-17-18

......Pg70......

        18th   Went through the usual exercises, and was judge in the evening, in the Harvard Club, and decided the case for the defendant.

     19th   Moot court before Parker, he gave a good decision it was upon the question, whether fraud is a bar to the statute of limitations. he is of the opinion that concealed fraud is a bar

      20th   Spent the day in the library, and in my room

      21st   Lectures & moot court, also spent some time in looking up a case for our club. Walked with Mitchell & Hubbard after supper, down through the Port, there has been another balloon ascension to-day in Boston. Came to my room, and read logic for the evening

     22nd   Dexter's lecture I thought savored a little to much of aristocracy. The Dane club adjourned without debate, Many of the members were absent on account of William H. Seward speaking in town We have been obliged to have a fire this day or two, the weather rather, damp, cloudy, wet and cold.

     23rd   Have been in my room most of the day, variously occupied, - reading law.- the life of Byron & some of his letters. He seems to have been a very recklefs, profligate, man, but a man having much about him to admire, even in his most abandoned moments.

......Pg71......

"Sacred to liberty and the rights of mankind!!!

The freedom and independence of America—

Sealed and defended with the blood of her sons—

      This monument is erected-

      By the inhabitants of Lexington.

Under the patronage and at the expense of The commonwealth of Mafsachusetts.-- To the memory of their fellow citizens -- (see July 8th)

Who fell on this field the first victims of the Sword of Brittish tyranny, and oppression.—

On the morning of the ever memorable 19 of April Anno Domini, 1775.

     The die was cast!!!

     The blood of these martyrs

     In the cause of God and their country—

Was the cement of the Union of these states, then Colonies- & gave a spring to the spirit, firmnefs And resolution to their fellow citizens--- They rose as one man to revenge their brethren’s blood. & at the point of the sword to assert & Defend their native rights

The nobly dared to be free !!

The contest was long-bloody and affecting

Righteous Heaven approved the solemn appeal—

Victory crowned their arms, and the peace Liberty and independence of the United States of America was their glorious reward.

     Built in the year 1789

......Pg 72......

The foregoing is a copy of the inscription upon the monument at Lexington.

     24th   Sunday,    Attended church at the chapel heard a stranger preach. Read some in the Bible & in miscellaneous books

      25th   Parker began equity, for one lecture, Attended the Harvard Club in the evening, and argued a case

     26th   Spent the day reading, talking, walking, hearing lectures, attending moot-court etc

     27th   A day pafsed in the study of the law, and miscellaneous reading

     28th   Lectures, Moot-court etc, in the evening mended my pantaloons, and read some in Hallams middle ages.

     29th   Dexter's lecture was good, it was upon the right of eminent domain, Post-office etc etc Read some in Puffendorf, on the law of Nature, a work that I am highly pleased with so far as I have examined it. Made a speech in the Dane Club in the evening.

     30th Finished Hallam's Middle ages, and read some law, and some about mystery. Went into the Charles bathing. It has been as warm as a July day. Set on the pier in the river, sometimes in the evening, with Parker, enjoying the soft air, and converseing upon the sublimities of nature

......Pg 73......

     Oct 1st   Sunday. Went to church, and heard a good sermon upon the evidence of the Spirit within us. The Dr said that he was as well satisfied that all things were under spiritual direction as he was that a city existed that he had never seen his faith would not permit him to doubt the one more than the other. Read some of the life of Goldsmith-- Some in the Bible etc

     2nd   Lectures, club, talking, walking and reading

     3rd   Had a very tedious moot-court, on account of Newton & Wales making such long speeches the had not time to give an opinion

      4th    Had the accustomed fixings.

     5th   Our first legislature met, I suppose the first ever met in the law school, Proffefsor Parsons presided, things went off well, and I think it will prove of some benefit to us, unlefs some very precocious youths (such as are to be found in all schools) undertake to make themselves more conspicuous, than the good sense, or I may say perhaps jealousy of the house will admit off.

     6th   Dexter's lecture was upon the Jurisdiction of the U.S. courts, (see copy) We also had a second session of the Legislature, Elder proposed a motion to prevent stamping, and it was carried

......Pg 74......

     7th Read in Boswell's life of Johnson--an account of his singular marriage, and his ardent affection for his wife--her death, and his great and continued affliction, during the remainder of his days. This is a strong argument, that there is something in love, other than in poetry, and romance else a Johnson, could not have been led to place his affections so unchangeably upon a woman twice his own age, and extremely ugly to every body but himself, but in his loving eyes surpafsingly beautiful. This also proves that the great ones of the earth are subject to the same pafsions, and weaknefses as other men,--and though giants in intellect, yet when the chords of nature are struck they become as children.- I felt the head of an idiot on the college grounds. I am not Phrenologist enough to describe all the organs of his head. but his head was very narrow in front, but ran up high on the top so that benevolence and, veneration were large, his organ of philopragenictivenefs was large, and all the back part of his head was well developed. In the evening went to Watertown, and heard the Hon. Mr Palfrey and John P Hale make speeches upon the subject of free soil. I am pleased with both the men. Palfrey is an honest, intelligent, candid, learned man, speaks respectfully of every body and with

......Pg 75......

much force and propriety urges his own views. Hale is a very fine looking man, and a very intellectual looking man, and his speaking corroborates the ideas you receive from his looks; he is undoubtedly a very talented man. His manner of speaking is instructive, and amusing, and his sentiments are very happily expressed.

     8th   Went to chapel, and read some

     Sunday 9   Went to the theater in the evening (for the first time since I have been in Mafsachusetts) Heard Forest, - his form is very fine, and his acting good, he played Othello. I was well done and I think I received some benefit, in various ways, but I did not enjoy myself much The audience were composed mostly of the boy-[ls?] and probably the theater has been one of the means, that has made them loafers etc etc they create a taste for some exciting amusement every evening, and then are unable to do without it, I should think that the theaters in Boston are supported mainly by the lowest grades, although the very wealthy attend some, both ladies & gentlemen, although I should think that a modest young lady would be somewhat shocked etc, I am on the whole decidedly of the opinion that theaters, as they are conducted are decidedly immoral in their tendency

......Pg 76......

and would opperate, in case of a student to draw off his attention from his books etc etc etc I therfore conclude that I shall attend them but very little, and when I do, endeavour (as I endeavour in all things) to lay hold of its benefits and reject its injuries.

      10th   Moot-court, before Parker, He gave a fine decision upon the jurisdiction of the U, States and States (see case) Heard of a manner of making gafs from smoke

     11th   Went into Fanneuil Hall in the evening and heard Hale. He had a very large and respectable audience

     12th    Moot-court, read Choate's speech made at Salem, and talked with Tompkins in the evening

     13th   Dexters lecture, parliament, Dane Club etc All went off well, and profitably.

     14th   Heard of the democratic victory in Ohio, yesterday the whigs had it some six thousand in favor of the whigs, today it is two or three thousand the other way Read in Boswell's life of Johnson and

     15th    Sunday: A beautiful day. Went to chapel, Walked with Parker, up on Sommerville Hill I had not observed before that the leaves had become a golden colour, and that fall had

.....Pg 77......

almost prepared the way,. for its succefsor To the student (particularly in a city) the seasons pafs unheeded, time is measured to him by books and tasks, and tasks, and books Autumn puts not an end to the season of his toil, nor winter afford him rest.

     16th    No lectures on account of Parsons ill health, and Parkers absence, read some, and argued a case in the club, but have not accomplished much on the whole on the account of a bad cold which has made me feel quite miserable all day.

     17th   No lectures on account of the college exhibition, moot-court in the afternoon. Read some, but spent the forenoon very unprofitably. Heard of the death of Jeremy Mason, the papers say that "a man of great stature, great wit, and great legal ability has fallen, He was six and a half feet in height, and was proportioned accordingly, and Daniel Webster says he was the greatest lawyer in New England, he was Websters preceptor. He died in Boston with appoplexy, he was eighty two years old, and his long life has been devoted to useful labor. He was one of the great men that I much desired to see, but it is now too late ......Pg 78......

     18th   Lectures, heavy rain etc

     19th   Parker finished agency, Read some of the case in 12 Peters 524, Kendell vs U.S.

     20th   Dexter's lecture was an attack upon Jackson etc etc some was good, only he did not fully exprefs what the old mans ground for vetoing the bank was. Went into Boston in the afternoon with Hubbard Saw the bowl which is now nearly ready for the water, went into the merchants exchange, it is a fine building, went into court of common pleas saw a jury made only the instrument for the judge to act by, he charged them, and then told the foreman to sign the verdict. I saw some indications of the approaching election in Boston and on the way. Came back to the Dane Club in the evening, and got considerably engaged in debate upon the question of admitting atheists to testify in a court of justice.

     21st   Read most of the day in Boswells life of Johnson, which I much interested in. I do not like at all Johnson's strong notions of the Divine right of kings etc, and I detest the servile spirit of Boswell. Etc Spent a short time in Mitchells room in the morning, I find it profitable to me, to converse with, for I obtain knowledge, and have my resolutions strengthened for study

......Pg 79......

     22nd    Sunday. Went to chapel once, and read the rest of the day, some in the Bible, and some in Biography

     23rd   Lectures, reading etc

     24th   Lectures, etc in the forenoon. Went into Boston immediately after dinner, to hear Webster who was to speak at 4, After standing in a dense crowd by the door of Faneuil Hall about an hour, we were permitted to go in, and we did so with a rush. Webster arrived and made his way through the crowd to the rostrum, a little before four. Rufus Choate was elected chairman of the meeting, and made a few remarks, all in terms of the highest eulogy of Webster who sat before him, He said that he was made for the universe, but had generously given to America what was due to mankind, and his whole eulogy, I thought, was a little to exagerated, not to say immodest, even for as great a man as Choate, to say of as great a man as Webster, and that too in his presence. But it did not seem to be half enough for the audience, the citizens of Mafsachusetts feel proud of Webster, they respect him, they admire him, nay they worship him, he is to them the pole-star, in the political horizen, the all potent thundering Jupiter

......Pg 80......

and all these honours set as deservedly on his brow, as upon any mans in the Western Hemisphere, he is undoubtedly the greatest man in the nation. He spoke above two hours, and mainly upon the sub-treasury, and the tariff, he did not say but very little in regard to Taylor, but said that he had made up his mind to go for him, as he thought we should thereby get a whig administration etc, he said to the free soilers that every vote that they cast for Vanburen was in favor of Cafs. He speaks slowly, distinctly, and forcibly, his gesticulations are very fine he stands up very strait so much so as to seem to lean back, he rolls his eye over his audience with much dignity, and he has got a sort of a smile that produces a wonderful effect. All together he has a wonderful, and a mighty control over his hearers, and that not only in Mafsachusetts, but would have anywhere I think. He is now fast on the decline of life, his hair is iron grey, and his is a little bald, he cannot much longer be the strong pillar of whigery, and if the whigs mean to give him, what he so justly deserves, the highest office in the gift of the people, they

......Pg 81......

must do it, before many more presidential terms shall have returned, else he will be beyond earthly honour, and renown, but be this as it may his name will exist as long as our glorious stars and stripes, shall wave over a land of freedom, as an honour to his country, the property of the nation. The crowd was very oppressive in the hall, the mafs of human beings on the floor swayed too, and fro like the waves of the sea, but the ladies in the gallery got into quite an exciting crowd, and showed themselves, to be quite as ferocious as men, one poor man, who they took a notion to crowd out, barely escaped with his life. O Women! thou hast human failings, and worse still, when man teaches thee that thee must always be entitled to the first rank, thou art apt to become tyranical.

     25th    This has been a great day to Boston, made so by the admifsion of water into the city, brought about fifteen miles, from a lake. A procefsion was formed, probably four miles in length, Made up of the military, and societies, and boddies of men of such number that I shall not attempt to enumerate them, What appeared the most novel to me was a band of Scotchmen in full highland costume

......Pg 82......

and their music, their native bagpipe, also the sons of Erin with their banners. A vefsel fully rigged, and two boats, half a dozen young girls on a side, in wagon making artificial flowers. Adam and Eve standing under a tree loaded with fruit, and Eve had an apple in her hand, the skin of an Elephant, and a rich saddle upon it, which was mounted by a negro Queen, and two waiters, also the market men, preceeded by wagon containing all kinds of provision etc It was very tedious waiting for such mafses of men to move and it was near dark before the water was let on, but it was then a splendid sight it came through a six inch orifice, and rose to a height of sixty or eighty feet, and was a magnificent sight indeed. There was then some excellent fireworks and in the end proved to be well worth the fatigue experienced in waiting for the show, As we came through all Boston seemed to be in the streets, the tremont, and the Revere were splendidly illuminated, and flags of all kinds waving in the street It is a joyful day to Boston, and well may they rejoice, for pure water is one of the best of

......Pg 83......

Heavens gifts. The stand upon which the Mayor stood was ornamented with evergreens and its sides were covered with texts of scripture concerning water etc etc. Had rather an awkward time of it having the nose bleed in the street etc.

     26th Lectures by Parsons. A free soil speech by Charles Sumner in the evening at Cambridge He is a fine speaker, and gave us an eloquent and able addrefs, of nearly three hours in length

     27th Dexter's lecture--commenced the study of pleading--read some reports etc.

     28th Read Pleading and in the life of Eldon.

     29th   Sunday went to Boston to church, heard Parker, saw where the water works gave way In the evening read the vicar of Wakefield

     30th   Parker began his lectures on Pleading There is a great torch light, by the whigs this evening in Boston

     31st   Lectures, and moot-court. There is a prize fight in Boston this evening, many of the students have gone, it is by a New York man and a Boston man. I almost wonder that such things are allowed in the Athens of America

     Nov 1st Lectures, reading, examining cases, exercising etc.

......Pg84......

     Nov 2nd   Lectures and parliamentary-court Smith answered Chamberlain, and Elder. This day finishes the first half of the term I have not been as well satisfied thus far as I was the two previous terms.

       3rd   Lecture there was none on account of Dexters absence. Went to Boston in the evening, and heard Mr Hoffman of N.Y. (whig) he made a fine speech. Also saw Senator John Davis, Webster's colleague, he looked old, and intelligent he made a few remarks. He is a very talented man, but is eclipsed by Webster, so much so that I would (if I were in his place) resign my seat, and let Mafsachusetts have their fill of Webster, without reflecting indignity upon me. Election times are attended with much excitement here.

    4th   Did not do much on account of an indisposition.

     5th   Sunday, Very stormy, went to chapel but found the door locked.

     6th   Parker employed the two hours in maintaining his own opinion, against some Mafsachusetts decisions, in reference to what is in ifsue in a case, and whether the record alone, must be evidence of what has been decided, or parol testimony, would

.....Pg 85......

he allowed where the record was not sufficient (he said he thought it could. Went into Boston in the evening to the "old cradle" and heard Winthrop, and Choate, the latter was very witty, and the meeting was very enthusiastic.

     7th   This has been a great day, for truly the coming up of a mighty nation to the ballot box, to decide how they themselves shall be governed, is a wonderful advancement from the ancient method of government (which was by the cartridge box) and ought to be considered as a great triumph for liberty, and for man. Our example is already sending its instruction across the water, in thunder tones

     8th    Lectures,-some excitement about election returns--no election by the people in Mafs

      9th   Parsons finished Insurance, and the 2nd Vol of Blackstone. More news about election, rather favorable to the whigs

      10th   Dexter's lecture on treason (A, Burr). Club in the evening, rather silly times.

     11th   Read Chitty on Pleading, some fifteen pages, From the news to-day there is little doubt but what Taylor is President, and that the whigs will have a finger in political affairs.

......Pg 86......

     Nov 12th    Went into Boston in the morning to inform Mr Anderson that his little boy was worse. remained at church, heard father Taylor, he preached upon the sicknefs of Hezekiah, & Kings 20 chap, he is very eloquent at times, and seems to have his whole soul enlisted for the sailors salvation. Went to Copps hill and visited the tomb of the famous witch prosecutor, Cotton Mather he was interred in 1727, his brothe Increase Mather in the same vault. Came home & found the boy dead, and the woman mourning aloud. Wrote a letter to my sister in which I wrote the following poetry, the first I ever wrote.

     The thought of home, how sweet!

     With gathering friends around

     All anxious you to greet.

     Each voice a well known sound.

     Once more to join the social band

     With holy love imbued.

     Once more to clasp a fathers hand

     With filial gratitude.

     For of a friendship true as steel

     We never need beware.

     For tis' a brother's love we feel

    A sisters tender care.

......Pg 87......

     The love of friends it would suffice

     Were all things naught besides.

     To verve me onward for the prize

     Where virtue fair resides.

     13th   No lectures on account of the state election In the afternoon followed our little Henry to the tomb. The mother is distracted, she has wept aloud constantly, from the time of his death, to the present time. It does indeed seem a severe stroke. I loved the little boy myself with the love of a brother, I have had so many playful frolics with him, and he was so sprightly so manly so beyond his years, that is like plucking a vigorous bud to cut off such a treasure, not only to his mother, but to all, it is no wonder that the deep fountains of grief are stirred up within her breast, for it would move a heart of adamant. But such woes the earth is heir too, and we must bear up against them with Christian fortitude. How mysterious are the ways of the world. A few days only and Henry was the very emblem of life, the pride of his mother and seemingly joyous in his own existence to-day but a lifelefs lump of clay, and yet so beautiful, that it seems as if life was still there it does not yet seem that he is dead. I saw a very

......Pg 88......

beautiful devise upon a tomb-stone, the figure of Christ blefsing little children, at Mt Auburn. Commenced evidence in the evening by Greenleaf. The whigs have fired a hundred guns I mean a thousand, in honour of old Zack,

     14th   Parsons commenced Evidence, and the fourth volume of Blackstone, Two cases tried in the afternoon

   15th   Nothing unusual, except the fireing of the Whigs, over their victory, they burn fifty tar-barrels this evening. Since I wrote the above Mrs Andersons second & last child has died, she has lost her two beautiful children within four days, and her affliction seems too grievous to be borne, Mysterious; Mysterious; Mysterious are the ways of Providence.

      16th   Lectures,- mourning at home. The woman has become a little more reconciled to her lofs, and is disposed to take it more rationally she has had Marions portrait taken, to-day. Jenkins and old clafsmate at Union called upon me this evening.

     17th   Dexter's lecture in the morning, and parliament. In the afternoon went to the funeral, Marion looked very beautiful, as pleasant as if in a deep sleep, with a smile upon her countenance, she was placed beside her brother, and left to sleep her long sleep

......Pg 89......

side by side with Henry, as she had been accustomed to do in life. It seemed beautiful to leave them together in death as they had been one almost in life, and died almost together. Their mother one week ago had two as beautiful and intelligent children, as ever were the pride of a mother's heart, now she is childlefs and disconsolate, and feels the weight of grief prefs heavily upon her soul, hers indeed is a bitter cup, but such woes flesh is heir to. I walked around mount Auburn, and took another view of its beauties The place where Henry & Marion is buried is a very pretty place, the fence is of iron, and is made to represent the Scotch thistle, and Scottish halbert & various other devices, I went to Storys grave, it is inclosed by a plain iron fence, and pointed out by a simple shaft, with his name upon it. I went also to Jeremy, Masons grave. I saw one very pretty device upon a stone, it was the representation of two Angels bearing away one disembodied spirit each clasping it in its arms. Another striking similie was a butterfly just bursting from a worm and flitting away with joyful ecstacy, intended as a representation of the spirit bursting its vile tenement and bursting forth in beauty and in glory under the Heavenly rays of God's love. Many are the beauties of Mt, Auburn, & many its blefsings to a city like Boston

......Pg 90......

     18th   Read some and walked some, saw several hundred of turkies go by in a drove.

     19th   Sunday. Read some of Dante, and went to chapel heard Dr Noise, preach from 4th Mat.

     20th   Lectures, club in the evening, looked up cases in the library

     21st   Parsons lectures were good, moot-court in the afternoon, read pleading in the evening

     22nd   Parker gave one lecture, and Cushion gave his first lecture on Parliamentary law, he appeared well, and gave a good lecture, (see com p. b.) Spent the afternoon in the library, investigating the subject how far the word estate extends, whether if a man gives a quit-claim of all his estate, it conveys his personal & real property by such a deed

      23rd   Lectures study etc "nothing else"

     24th   Dexter's lecture upon impairing the obligation of contracts. Parliament at 12 Wilson of Pennsylvania argued that it was right for an employer to turn off his hands if they did not vote as he wished them to do. He and several other young men Elder for example, have a much higher opinion of the Brittish constitution than of our own and are predicting ruin etc etc to our government. Such things should be remembered

......Pg 91......

     25th   Read Pleading in my room the whole day

     26th   Sunday. Went into Boston and heard Parker Saw the house in which Maria Bickford was murdered. Went by the fountain, which was in full operation, and the sun happening to be shineing I had the pleasure of seeing a beautiful rainbow Read two cantoes of M. Fingal. Parker's sermon was upon manners, and society, and contains some good ideas

      27th   Sat as judge in the club. read some in trusts and about three hundred & fifty pages, in "The Adventures of a Lawyer, and the 3rd canto of M.Cfingal

     28th   Moot-court, and lecture upon estoppel, and criminal law. In the evening at sunset, beheld a most gorgeous landscape, the sky in the West put on a most brilliant red, and the many forms of the clouds beautified and illuminated by reflected light, presented one of nature's richest feasts, which was broken only by the sable curtain of night let fall between. The comet has just been discovered by our telescope.

      29th   Second lecture by I, Cushing, thanksgiving eve etc, The weather is fine, warm etc, roads dry for the time of year, we are to have no more exercises this week. Everett has resigned the presidency of this institution.

......Pg 92......

     30th   Thanksgiving day, attended by feasting, and with some heartfelt thankfulnefs. It is a great day, throughout New England. Walked with Corbin nearly all the afternoon, went to Sommerville, saw the ruins of the Ursline convent, saw also the ground over which the Americans retreated after the battle of Bunker hill. There has been a great fire this evening, within a few rods of my room. It was a magnificent sight, a large barn and livery stable, went first, when it was completely on fire, it was a picture for a painter, the flames rushed out in sheets, between the seams of the boards, on the sides of the building and bursts out both gable ends, with wild fury, and the waves of fire rolled along the roof like the surges of the sea, and all mixing together send their liquid glare, towards the sky, Several other buildings went afterwards, and it is not yet extinguished. I saw a dove fly around the fire a while, and then apparently attempt to fly acrofs it, but was drawn into the flame. Such an occasion brings out the different clafses of men, and gives one some knowledge of human nature, more particularly shows you much more intemperance and vice than was known before to exist. It also gives some idea of the power of men in body’s.

......Pg93......

There has been an exhibition, at the Lyceum, this evening of Moscow on fire, which is faintly illustrated in the scene just past.

     December 1st    Visited the ruins of last evening's work, saw the crisped remains of three horses which were burnt to death, their legs were burnt off, and a considerable share of their bodies consumed. Spent the forenoon in looking up a case

     2nd   Spent a part of the day in the library

     3rd   Sunday. Went to Mr Albro's church, saw an infant baptized, it seemed to me that it was very appropriate to consecrate the little innocent to God, and invoke his blefsing, upon it.

     4th   Went to East Cambridge, to court, and heard Rufus Choate, and Webster, each of them make an argument upon a divorce case, Choate's manner is very fine and flowery, but he is no comparison to Webster in my mind. Webster made a very fine argument, he spoke slowly, distinctly, and forcibly, and would not proceed without the close attention of the court, every word was weighty, he spoke about two hours, and Choate somewhat longer My chum says he saw last week, (thanksgiving day) a pig race, the pigs tail was shaved and greased, and the feat was, who should hold him by his tail, the one who succeeded had the pig, some 200 men, chased.

......Pg 94......

     5th   Spent the day in the library, moot-court etc, Parson gave notice that the library would be open vacation

     6th    Cushings lecture, and Parker's, on pleading

     7th   Spent the day in the library, drawing declerations (the first I ever drew) and looking up cases Parson's lecture on Evidence was good, upon videlicet. etc

     8th   Dexter's lecture first rate, his best this term & one of the best of any of the lectures this term, (upon bankruptcy, Parker gave two opinions at 12   Had a good debate in the Dane Club in the evening, altogther well satisfied with the days proceedings and employments.

     9th   Went to Boston, and visited the Medical college, heard a lecture by professor, Ware and one by profefsor Bigelow, went into the difsecting room saw several bodies, some partly difsected, some were being difsected, and some not yet commenced upon. Went to the hospital and saw some operations on living subjects, saw a tumor cut out of a womans forehead just over her eye -- saw a man operated upon by (--)(sic) Saw a mans leg cut off below the knee. On the whole have seen more blood, and cutting of human flesh, than I ever saw before in my life. Also went into the anatomical museum, the greatest curiosity I saw

.....Pg 95......

there was a woman, having a ram's horn growing right out of the centre of her forehead, it hung down towards her chin, and was a full sized horn in all particulars.   I saw Dr Warren at the hospital (the most distinguished medical man in this vicinity.

     10th    Sunday. Went to chapel. Dr Walker began to preach. In the forenoon he gave a very fine sermon upon the importance of our attending to Spiritual things, "Perfect love casteth out all fear" He said our love was by no means perfect, and hence we could not be free from fear-- that the bible contained no promises only upon condition of repentance and turning to God,-- the wicked found nothing there but threats-- he said that the threats in the old testament were only made by God as the political ruler of the Jew's, and punishment followed because the threat had been made, and would not have followed if the threat had not been made; but the threats in the New Testament were as the moral ruler of the world, and the same punishment would have followed had they not been made, and hence we should consider them as a merciful revelation to us, of that which is of Infinite importance for us to know, and therefore we had as much reason to blefs God for his threats as for his promises; they were not given to us to add the terror of punishment to the punishment itself but to give us warning whereby we may escape the punishment itself. In the afternoon, text "Lovers of

......Pg 96......

pleasure, more than lovers of God, his argument was that those those (sic) who done nothing but seek pleasure, had the sources of gratification so blunted that they did not obtain as much pleasure as those who only sought it as a cefsation from businefs--that the votaries of pleasure, at length are impelled forward not from a love of pleasure but from a present uneasinefs--that the true way was to make businefs a pleasure. He defined genius to be "a desire in a man's soul that will not let him rest until he has accomplished his object"

     11th   Had two cases, one in moot-court, and one in the Club

     12th   Read law, and heard one lecture, all we had.

     13th   Good lectures, in the evening went to the Lyceum and heard a lecture by Whipple of Boston (he is a distinguished efsay writer) and a poem by Field, which was rather funny, and good, the lecture was a pretty fair production, descanting upon the prevailing tendency at the present time to pay more attention to the body than to the mind.

       14th   The usual proceedings, in the forenoon, and a moot-court in the afternoon.

     15th   A good lecture by Dexter, and Parliament, also a moot-court.

We have an exhibition

......Pg 97......

of all kinds of talents at our bar, The eloquent the witty, and the foolish, the boisterous, the mild and the ridiculous may all be seen in the different scenes portrayed before us.

     16th   Spent the day in the library, and at home. The dog has died today, and the woman makes almost as severe a lamentation as she did at the death of her children.

     17th   Sunday. A fine sunshiny May-day. Went to chapel. Dr Walker preached in the forenoon from the text "Bringing our thoughts into obedience to Christ"   He argued that we need not put ourselves into situations calculated to beget bad thoughts. and when we did get them, that we had the power to divert them into another channel. He said Christ was wiser than Socrates, when he said we must not dwell upon bad thoughts. In the afternoon 39 Psalms "While I was musing the fire burned" He said that the common remark that we should be influenced by the same high and noble motives that good and great are, if we were placed in like circumstances, was not a sound one he said that man himself made the motive and then in turn, the motive made the man. he thought that nature had something to do in influencing motive, but not all.

......Pg 98......

     18th   Lectures, and I argued a case in the evening.

     19th   Went into Boston to an auction, and bought some law books, came back, and attended moot court.

     20th   Lectures by Parker & Cushing, went to Boston in the afternoon, saw something of the poverty of some in town. Went through and around Quincy market, and it is more than ordinarily full at present, eatables of all kinds in great abundance it is quite a sight for a countryman at any time. One of the law students shot himself last night, it is said, he died immediately.

     21st    Lectures, and moot court, some are leaveing and more will soon. Cold & snowing a little.

     22nd   Dexter's lecture upon Eminent Domain, was good. It has snowed all day, there is snow about a foot, this is the first snow this season of any account. There was a fire this evening, just at twilight, with the snow, storm raging, the reflection of the fire at this time made quite pictureque sight, men hurrying about etc

     23rd   Finished Taylor's history of ancient books. I have been much interested with it, and hope I may own a copy of it, at some future period.

            24th   Sunday. Heard Dr Walker. In the forenoon he preached upon reasoning, In the afternoon, upon doing good to our enemies, which he illustrated very happily. Our few days of snow seems to be melting under a gentle rain.

......Pg 99....

     25th   Christmas, rainy, read some Evidence and some in the anecdotes of Chatham

     26th   Went to Boston and bought of Little & Brown one hundred and thirty eight dollars worth of law books, which in addition to some dozen volumes which I have picked up at Burchaws and at auction in Boston and one or two volumes of the librarian will constitute my library to commence practice

     27th   Nothing remarkable, except Cushings lecture, and that not alarmingly so

     28th    Went to Boston and paid for my books, they amounted to $142,00, they came out in the evening all right. Lectures good, some sleighing etc. Saw a Chinese in Boston walking upon the side walk, he had on a cap and gown with belt around him his hair was braided in a long cue hanging down behind some three feet. Coming over the bridge saw a little negro boy have a sea gull which had been shot by a man, I asked the boy if he was going to eat the gull, says he yes, they are good to eat, but they are thundering tough though.

     29th    Dexter's lecture was upon the power of congress to legislate concerning the territories, and was a very fine lecture indeed (see com pleas book) this is his last lecture this term, next term he begins upon International Law.

......Pg100......

     30th   Studied evidence by questions and answers. good sleighing, about one foot of snow.

     31st    Sunday, Dr Walker's text in the forenoon was "I believe help thou mine unbelief." He said that sceptics were apt to consider their doubts as evidence of superior intellect,- that they could see through things, or rather see difficulties, when others cannot. He admitted that doubts was evidence of thought but not of succefsful, but of baffled thought whereas greatnefs consisted in succefsful thought not only in seeing difficulties but seeing through them, or seeing that which makes doubts of no consequence. He said further that dwelling entirely upon the difficulties of religion made those difficulties the whole thing, and the mind was influenced by that which acted upon it and not upon what actually existed, he asked them to look at the whole picture, and not to pafs by the many things which recommend religion to the reason and the heart, he admitted that there were dark spots upon the sun and all he asked them to admit was that the sun shown notwithstanding, he had almost said neverthelefs. He concluded by saying that all should live up to what they did believe and that was a certain way of being in a condition to believe more, a man might be neutral as to

.....Pg 101......

beliefs but in acting he must be upon one side or the other etc. In the afternoon, "Jo[s]hua commanded the sun to stand still etc." He said that both Catholic and Prodestant schollars agreed. that this meant that Joshua and his men slew as many as if they had had two days (this account it seems was taken from a book which contained in poetry an account of the exploits of heroes, as near as I could un[der]stand the pronunciation of the Doct, it was Josher, it is now lost, so it may have been a poetical licence). He went on then to show that we could make the Sun to stand still by doing two days work in one, and that time was measured on the calender of Heaven by the good works we do. etc. This closes the year through which I undertook to keep this journal. I find I have not accomplished it as well as I could wish, but on the whole I have not as yet seen cause to regret that I undertook it, I have at least followed out my design in quantity, though not in quality. I only wish I had done it better, and that I might find evidence upon its pages that my time had been employed to the very best advantage, which it has not in all cases, -- that I might feel assured that I had lived a full year, as the Dr said today.

......Pg 102......

Belleville     Feb 17th 1849

At which date I find myself at home pursueing the study of Latin and Greek, and the study of the law, The principal topic of discufsion, since I left Boston I have found to be gold. This is caused by the recent extraordinary developement of mineral wealth in California. The excitement seems still to be on the increase. Men of all ages, clafses and conditions are rushing to the spot in hopes to grasp a handful of the yellow earth, which the world still think, (in spite of the assurance of all past experience to the contrary), contains within itself happinefs and contentment. What will be the effect of all this, upon the actors, upon the United States, upon California itself? These are questions that are now agitating the public mind. Many are filled with gloomy forebodings as to the answer of all these; they say that vice in its most hideous forms, attended by all its concomitant miseries, will be generated among the gold seekers, and that their morals will become so deeply tarnished, that all the glittering treasure they can obtain, will not restore them to their former lustre. This probably will prove true with many of them. I will not attempt to weigh sin with gold, in order to find how much gold a man must get, in order to compensate him

......Pg 103......

for the lofs of his moral character, it is indeed humiliating to the human race that so many men are found, who value gold, more than virtue but it by no means follows, that going to California to hunt for gold, necefsarily makes one a bad man, he may do it with as high and noble a motive as actuates a Howard, and pursue it with as much honesty, economy, and fidelity as an Aristides, and it is probable that those men who will prove bad, upon the shores of the Pacific have that within them, which would make them bad men wherever they were; however this may be it is an evil that cannot be prevented, such has always been the immediate effect of a discovery of gold, The loadstone attracts the magnetic needle not more certainly, than gold attracts man, if gold is there men will have it, Let us then consider its probable effects upon the nation   Will it prove beneficial on the whole? It is said not, because labor is the price of everything, and the more gold we get, the more of it we have to give for the necessaries of life, This is ultimately true, but not until the quantity of gold has been increased throughout the earth; for gold as well as any other commodity will seek the best market, and so long as a foreign market exists, its value cannot diminish materially, at home. The effect cannot

......Pg 104......

be then to diminish the value of gold, in proportion to the increased amount found, until the whole world has been supplied, in other words until an equilibrium is obtained. If then the men who go out to California, bring back more value in gold, than, they could have produced, if their labor had been directed in other channels by so much will our nation be the richer for the enterprise, be enabled to purchase so much more labor, and so many more of the necessaries of life. If the gold they bring will not do it here, it will be sent to markets where it will. The result then will be beneficial. It will furnish us increased means to further the advancements of civilization on this continent--it will afford us additional aid, in subdueing the prararie and felling the forest--it will purchase the means of education for more children-- it will print the Bible for more Souls--it will carry food and clothing to more of the needy. But again, it is feared by some that it may enervate our nation. Such instances have indeed been known, Spain and its inhabitants were ruined by gold. But never was there a nation ruined by it, when there were so many fields of enterprise open to its inhabitants, as are now open to us. The ten thousand sources through which our citizens can obtain

......Pg 105......

honour, and fame, and the ten thousand incentives to action, not known to men of other times, are so many safety valves, which secure our safety. Yankee enterprise can exert itself upon anything, but still it is evident, that we have one great work to perform, paramount to all others Providence has ordered that this great continent shall be reclaimed, from savage, and subjugated to civilized man, and we are the instruments chosen to acomplish it. Our great businefs is to clear up, subdue, and cultivate the mighty territory submitted to our charge, and nothing will, nothing can divert us from this great work. All other things must be subservient, and collatteral to this. So intently are our minds fixed upon this, that the golden wave of excitement may raise its hydra head in vain, and roll on harmlefsly to the shore. While, comparatively, a few are born away on its bosom, the great mafs of the nation will not even feel its shock. It is idle to suppose that all the gold, which California contains, will paralize the uplifted axe, stop the plough in the furrow and cause the scythe to hang rusting on its swath   Our course is to legibly marked out, our habits to thorougholy formed. This to my mind will prove the most groundlefs, of all the fears entertained

......Pg 106......

concerning California, whatever else may happen such a state of things can never be brought about. Lastly what will be the effect upon California itself. My opinion in regard to this is somewhat different, from what seems to be the general imprefsion. It is generally thought that such a rage after gold will prevent the settlement of the country, while on the contrary it seems to me, it may be the means of hastening this desireable object. In the first place this gold fever will carry thousands there, who never would have gone, had it not existed, and if the climate and soil are both so desireable, as to be admired, needs but to be seen, as by all accounts they undoubtedly are, many will be induced to remain there, or if they do not themselves they will give so favorable an account of the country to their friends, as will induce them to go, besides to those who were almost persuaded to go there to settle, the chance of getting gold will offer an additional inducement, it will afford them two string to their bow, moreover many will become so reduced as to be compelled to settle there, and lastly if vast quantities of gold is found it will afford the means of building up settlements and cities with the rabidity of enchantment, and it will also afford an increased inducement to

......Pg 107......

construct a rail-road, or some over-land communication between there and the States. All these things must prove beneficial to California--hasten the development of its mineral and agricultural resources--make its advantages better known to us--connect it more intimately with our home interests and prosperity, and thus necefsarily hasten the time when the blefsings of our arts, and institutions shall be felt throughout its borders. The conclusion then to which I arrive, is that the results of all this excitement after California gold will be favorable to California--to the United States, and might be to the actors themselves, and undoubtedly will prove so to many and to such as are sufferers, their lofs will be swallowed up in the general good.

     Sept 5th '49.   The past four months have been spent in looking for a location--taken up in delays, etc etc I left home the 7th of May, first visiting Indiana with an intention of locating but did not on account of the unhealthinefs of the State—too much marsh, and standing water   I like this State the best of any of the western states, but have been at much lofs to determine where to settle but have concluded to stop at this place (Dodgeville) [There is a Dodgeville in Wisconsin] Cannot tell yet what the prospect is ......Pg 108...

     Oct 24th 1849,    Received the first money in the line of my profession. 45 cts In the evening saw the prararie on fire, making a perfect sheet of flame for a long distance, producing as may well be imagined a splendid sight

      11th   The wires of the telegraph came through town

      Nov 16th   Had my first trial (before Justice) received a fee of $5,00, an afsault and battery case, was for the State, the deft was fined $10, and costs.

      Dec. 18th   Was initiated into the order of sons of temperance. Do not get much of any businefs but am studying in hopes to qualify myself to do it if is should happen to come along.

       28th   Went in the evening to see some experiments in chemistry and philosophy. Saw among other things an engine propelled by electro magnetism, which is now quite a new thing under the Sun, cannot tell what it may be in a few years.

     29th   Extremely cold, froze my fingers in carrying two pails of water about 20 rods, bare handed,

     Jan 12th [1850] Isaac Lumley began Latin

       Jan 23rd   Received one dollar for council, Notary businefs up to this time one dollar

      Feb 25th   Have received since last journal, fifty cents for notary businefs, and have earned one

......Pg 109......

dollar in my profefsion, for drawing up a garnishee, and three dollars for commencing a suit in County court which has been settled It is this evening the most lovely moonlight that can be imagined, the weather warm and pleasant, it has been the prettiest Winter I ever saw, with a very few days exception it has been like continued spring

      March 16th   received by my profession since last account $9,60 most of it this week, from the Californians, giving mortgages etc received $1,40 more

January 1st 1851. I have now been some 16 months at Dodgeville, which time has been rather unprofitably spent, oweing principally to bodily infirmity. I have been afflicted with inflamation in my eyes since April last, to such a degree, as to deprive me of their use to a great extent. They are still bad but I live in hope that they will yet recover. I have almost despaired many times on their account, but am becomeing more resigned, to my fate, whatever it may be, resolved to do the best I can with what eyes I have left. I intend now to go to Orregon in the Spring, I believe that there are now many reasons why Orregon

......Pg 110......

must improve rapidly. and I wish to "be there to see." It has been very sickly here the past Summer, It is estimated that there has been about a hundred and forty deaths, principally from cholera

       March 23 1851   I start for Orregon tomorrow with an ox team. I am 28 y old on said day and feel that I ought to be settled down, but my eyes are so weak that I cannot study much and cannot therefore lose much time on that ground in going and I am anxious to see the Pacific coast, believing that it is destined to become the right arm of the Republic

Portland Oregon Territory Oct 8th 1851

I am now at this place in part resting after my long journey, and in part makeing arrangements to visit some other portions of the territory before I settle. We crofsed the Missouri the 1st of May and commenced our journey West. We made up Platte from 20 to 30 mi a day. Our train consisting of some 40 wagons, proving to large we divided. The 1st Indians we fell in with was the Omahaws, few in number, and harmlefs with the exception of being great beggars   The next one the Pawnees very insolent thievish, and troublesome, the

......Pg 111......

most so of any tribe on the trip, Platte river is a riley turbid stream, but more clear, and pleasant to the taste than the Missouri; Its shallownefs width, sand bars, mud banks, and irregularity of its current renders it improbable that it will ever become a navigable stream although it has water enough if it was confined within proper bounds. There is a fertile valley along its banks, varying from 1 to 5 miles on each side I should suppose, bearing for the most part good grafs, beyond this valley is a succession of hills, beyond which we knew but little of the country, although some of our party explored them far enough to find beautiful water, and fine ranges for Buffalo which abound in these regions. I saw spinal bones of Buffalo a foot and a half long. We saw several colonies of prairie dogs, they bark some like a fist dog but resemble a squirrel more than a dog, they have a flat tail, and are about the size of a black squirrel, they burrow in the earth and if one is shot the rest seize him and drag him into the hole. We had some terrible storms up Platte rain, hail, thunder & lightning, high wind etc   All the Buffalo meat we obtained was to tough to be good. Our road was generally good, with the exception of some heavy sand occasionally. We had

.....Pg 112......

two stampedes in one night the cattle were herded together, in a body, they became simultaneously frightened from some cause to us unknown and ran off with a noise like that of a mighty rushing wind. We succeeded in stopping them and yokeing them up, supposing that they would be lefs likely to try it again, but in a short time they did try again causing every body to get out of the way as fast as possible, and adding to the former noise, that of ox rings yokes etc.   The next Indians were the Siouxs, they appear to have enough to eat, are friendly, live in comfortable wigams made of tanned Buffalo skins, and large enough to contain 50 persons plenty of horses etc. Saw them in drefsing a Buffalo take out the inwards empty them soak them in the blood and eat them raw.

     30th Saw chimney rock South side of the river,

     31st    pasfed a fine clear brook with speckled trout in it, but we did not succeed in catching any, having no suitable bait

     June 3rd   Pafsed fort Laramie, did not go over to the fort. Saw the horn of a mountain goat weighing I should suppose 10 or 15 lbs,

      5th   Saw what appeared to be snow on Larimie Peak

      12th   Saw snow on high land, Reached Independence rock an outpost of the Rocky mountains, it is a huge isolated rock some 600 ft long and 150 ft wide composed of granite, it has a multitude of the names of its visitors upon it

       13th   Passed Devils gate where sweet water

......Pg 113......

river pafses through perpendicular rocks on either side 400 ft high.

     17th   dired [?] at last crofsing of sweet water with ice water for drink, and a huge bank of snow within a few rods of us. Saw some glittering scales in the water and sand which some thought to be gold, but they were probably sulphate of iron

     18th   Camped on the summit of the Rocky mountains and drank from the Pacific springs, from this point the waters are westward bound. Various kinds of rock compose the rocky mountains, snow is constantly seen on the high peaks for many days travel but the crofsing of the mountains is effected here with very little difficulty. We found both lead and coal mines between Fort Larimie and the South Pafs, We pafsed the sandies big and little, also the 40 m desert between big sandy and Green river and arrived at said river the 21st [June] It is a rapid stream with volume of water enough for navigation but I did not learn whether impediments existed or not. From this point to Fort Hall we had good grafs and fine water for the most part and occasionally a mefs of fine trout,   Up bear river valley the roads were good. Bear river is a crooked stream large enough to float a small steam boat, the valley is narrow but fertile and supplied with fine trout and water by a great number of springs, and trout brooks. The snake

......Pg 114......

Indians are thievish and some of the poorest, the old ones in particular seemed to have difficulty in obtaining a subsistance, I saw several who hunted prairie dogs for food

      28th   Reach Soda Springs which are one of the greatest wonders of the road there are several of them some of them pleasantly tasted, one boiling one the water warm and spouting up a foot or so. One of the high hills near was in 1846 as I was informed by a man who saw it then an active volcano, its top now is covered with soda springs. Near the best of these springs is also an excellent spring of common water, This spot in comeing years may become the Saratoga of the West

     30th   Saw a very high snowy cloud capped peak on our right, which we supposed to be Fremonts Peak.

     July 1st   reached Fort Hall It is built of unburnt brick, There was nothing of much interest to be seen but U,S, wagons ox yokes etc the oxen having starved to death for want of care. Here we first saw and bathed in Lewis river along whose banks we traveled until it joins with its brother to make the most beautiful river in the world

.    2nd   Pafsed two beautiful streams, we had some sprinkling rain, which as it fell upon the water pure and bright looked like pearly drops falling into a crystal sea. Saw melted stones and volcanic

......Pg 115......

signs around

      3rd    Saw the American falls in Lewis river, the whole fall I should take to be fifty feet A rain bow is formed and as the water comes foaming down among the rocks it possefses sufficient grandieur to recall to mind thundering Niagra.

      4   We had a short celebration, upon which occasion I delivered a short extemporaneous speech

      17th   Pafsed two boiling springs they would I should suppose cook eggs or fish. Saw some prickley pears in bloom the flowers is yellow, and of the size of a common single leafed rose, and is beautiful notwithstanding the thing itself is so detestable

      19th   Pafsed Fort Boise. After leaveing raft river the general face of the country is deprefsing barren sandy etc, with grafs only along the water courses until you arrive in the vicinity of powder river, which we did on the 22nd [July] then the country begins to bloom and blossom as the rose good springs good land etc Came in sight of the Blue mountains they are covered with large timber with snow on the elevated points

     26th   Had thunder and a slight shower so as to compel us to put on coats.

     27th   Passed [sic] through a valley of about fifty thousand acres, beautiful land fine grafs fine water fine salmon etc through this valley runs powder river about 3 rods wide one foot deep and full of fine salmon, we bought all we wished of the Indians so cheap, that we would

......Pg 116......

have lost money to have spent five minutes in catching them for ourselves, Next valley was the Grand Ronde somewhat larger and surrounded by mountains It was covered with fine grafs flowers etc we had here quite a shower, a rain bow etc

       28th   Commenced crofsing Blue Mountains, it is about 40 m over them they are most covered with grafs and timber the sun shining down through the pines, upon the green grafs presents a cheering and an enlivening sight, Came down west slope upon a vast rolling prairie as far as the eye could reach in all directions except behind you towards the mountains good soil tolerably well watered, but no timber the mountains however have plenty on them

     30th   The crow the wren, the robin & chipping bird appear and the balsam of gilead scents the air

      Aug, 3   Came to the Columbia which is a clear cool tranquil stream.

     7th   saw Mt Hood towering up [aisor?] the cascades among the clouds and capped with snow.

     12th Reached the Cascades, shipped my wagon and drove my cattle over had no difficulty in crofsing got over the

     18th    the cascades are covered with timber and the land seems to be pretty good. arrived at this place [Portland} the 23rd [August, 1850] there are here now 2 newspapers, 20 or 30 lawyers I suppose 2 steam saw mills, a steam grist mill now being built, a plank road com-

......Pg 117......

mencesing, which some think will not be completed but it will no doubt in time. There are some 50 stores I suppose considerable commerce, and the place has the appearance of becoming the largest place in Orregon some place may go ahead of it on Puget Sound

Puget Sound Olympia Jan 26th 1852

   Left Portland on Schooner Exact, Nov. 8th Had a seasick time comeing round, arrived here the 15th of Nov, left a colony at what is now named N, York, Found the place here principally occupied by Indians, and crows, the latter very tame and plenty. Have since my arrival built me an office, and am at the present of the opinion that this is as good a location for me as is to be found in Oregon, although some more favorable point may spring up down the Sound, But the North of the Columbia now and always.   Have some businefs, & the prospect favorable considering the newnefs of the country

       March 7th 1852.   From the 1st to the present the ground has been covered with snow, over a foot, and the only snow to interfere with cattle feeding at large dureing the winter, The news from France is very favorable to Monarchy Louis Napoleon, has usurped all power, and authority Rossuth is making efforts for liberty for his native land

......Pg 118......

     May 29th 1852    Weather warm and dry. Attended court for the first time in the Terretory this week, had some cases with which we were lucky. Cleaned out our spring this week and made a penstalk, which is of as much importance to Olympia as the introduction of the great water works were to Boston.   There is much talk about a road over the mountains, There is also some talk about the comeing election for the new county of Thurston.   Things look favourable for the Country and for myself

      July 11th 1852   Since last journal election has taken place I.N. Eby elected Representative myself Treasurer etc,   We celebrated the 4th upon which occasion I was the speaker Worked yesterday upon my claim and commenced a clearing for to build a house

      July 16th   Some rain and quite a severe hail storm

      18th   A very rainy day, copious and abundant showers sufficient to moisten the ground thoroughly

      25th   Weather cool and pleasant,

      Jan 1st 1853   News of the election of Pierce has just reached us. Snow commenced falling about the fifteenth of last month, since that time the ground has been covered some of the time near three feet deep, but it is now much reduced, and prospects of its soon leaving entirely

......Pg 119......

       January 31st 1853   Moved on to my claim and commenced residence in full

      Sept 20th/53   Since last journal Our Territory has been divided, and I have spent the Summer at Salem O.T. as a code commissioner to revise the laws. Politics are raging considerably in W.T. But I am at present but little excited on the subject. I mean to the best of my ability to be a good citizen and do all I can to advance the interests of the Territory whether I am called to fill offices or not. Important offices carry with them important and weighty responsibility and I hope that abler and better men may be found to fill them than myself.

     Oct 28th   Olympia improveing, Several of the new Territorial officers are in town. since their arrival rowdyism has greatly increased in town. There is to-night a ball which is considered a fashionable affair, because it is patronized by the officers. Professed Christians go, for the benefit of society as they allege (but really for fear they will not be ranked with the aristocracy.   I am at present considered rather an odd chap, not showing respect and attention enough to the said officers etc for which they are going to ride over me rough shod (if they can)

......Pg120......

     Nov 8th   Businefs pretty good. Am endeavoring to get funds raised for a school having been elected a director, on the 4th Inst. Find some men who profefs great interest in the welfare of the country, that will not pay a school tax or contribute to support a school. I consider the heart of all such men rotten at the core That they are destitute of principle and have no laudible desire to advance and encourage morality, and promote the general welfare. And I here record my determination never to vote for such men, nor trust them nor deal with them only in case of necessity, For a man who has no interest in schools, to my mind has no interest in honesty, (only for popularity at least)

      Nov 15th   Businefs pretty good being principally fileing law notifications. The would be leading politicians working against me etc. But I am at present fully determined not to engage in any political intrigue, or do anything which my conscience cannot approve, but to endeavor always to go for the men and the measures which I believe to be for the best, for the good of the Territory, I regard office as no honor unlefs it comes unsought, and I hope I never shall obtain an office that we have

......Pg 121......

better men to fill. And if my services are ever wanted, I hope to be able to do some gain in a humble sphere in my day and generation and to leave the world with a clear conscience and a christian recconciliation

     Nov 21st   Weather very rainy. Four vessels in sight, an unusual number for this place.

       Jan 16, 1854   Cold, so much so that I found it difficult to crofs the bay to-night on account of ice. snow about 2 inches deep Three weddings yesterday a larg [sic] number for this county in one day

      Feb 8th   The first election for Washington Territory just past. Columbia Lancaster elected Delegate to Congrefs, Myself one of the Councelman for Thurston Co, in the Legislature. Great efforts was made to defeat my election by the grocery influence, because I do not patronize groceries. But I hope to live to see the sale of liquor prohibited as a beverage in this Territory, and decency and morality prevail

     April 10 The Legislature has been in session since Feb, 27th To-day I introduced a bill in effect the Main liquor law Many are much enraged at me, but I hope not to merit the approval of

......Pg 122......

of many of my enemies to do so would compell me to adopt their evil practices

     May 1st   The Legislature adjourned sine die to-day. I have many charges preferred against me in regard to my course in the Council.   I am much censured by some for voting to let half breeds vote.   But I believe that those half breeds who have adopted the habits of civilization pay taxes etc should have the right of suffrage. And in fact I can hardly see why all who are governed by law should not have a voice in making it, in other words that man has no right to restrain his fellow man in any of his natural liberties or to deprive him of his property without his consent, and upon this ground which is certainly democratic ground, I begin to think that women's right to vote is easier ridiculed than answered by sound argument. My advocacy of the Maine liquor law has also made me many enemies. I have got the whole grocery influence bitter against me, but I have in all things en-

......Pg 123......

deavoured to do right, although I fear I have not done as well as some others might, or I myself could have done with more industry and attention. I have acquired some experience and I hope if I ever should be a member of another Legislative body to be a more useful one, Several of the members and Federal officers are having a great spree to-night. I have but little taste for politics, They frequently compel a man to deviate a little from the path of rectitude I have now four small offices, but hope soon to see the day when I can live on my claim entirely independent of office and politics.

     June 18, I was married [This entry obviously add out of sequence, right after the last period above, in the only open space on the page]

      May 26th    The great central eclipse of the sun took place to-day, It was cloudy at the time it was most central, but visible most of the time, lasting some three hours, the darknefs assisted by quite dark clouds, overspreading the whole horizon did not exceed darkness such as I have seen immediately preceding a heavy thunder shower. The weather was cold etc.

     28    Some heavy thunder

     May 29   Rained quite steadily all day

......Pg 124.....

     June 24th   Steady rain all day, equal to winter rain. It has also been quite rainy for several days back. The Masons had their celebration to-day. Crops look well, potatoes and wheat particularly

     July 4th   No doings in Town but a ball

A newspaper clipping is pasted below the words above

He was followed by D. R. Bigelow, of this city, who is we believe the only surviving member of the first Territorial Legislature. This speech was neither too long, nor too dry, reminiscent in character, and the most marked success on the programme. Other speeches of pioneers were intended to have been a prominent feature, but so much time had been consumed by the principal addresses, that the exercises had to close without them.

On the next page is pasted a recipe:

Take Root of Rhubarb 1 ounce

Gum Kino (?) ½ dv (?)

Gum opium 4 Scruples

Oil of Sassafrass 1 Teaspoonsful

Diluted Alchol 2 pints